Fact brief - Do electric vehicles almost always have a lower carbon footprint than gasoline-powered cars?

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Do electric vehicles almost always have a lower carbon footprint than gasoline-powered cars?

YesThe EPA, IPCC, and many independent studies have found that electric vehicles have lower lifetime emissions than gas-powered vehicles in nearly all cases.

“Lifetime” calculations include emissions released during EV manufacture, as well as the generation of electricity used to charge the car. An average 300-mile range EV produces less than half the lifetime emissions of a conventional 30 miles per gallon car.  

This is mainly because EVs are significantly more energy efficient than gasoline cars: over 77% of electricity input is converted to power at the wheels, compared to a conversion of 12-30% of energy in gasoline to wheel power. Meanwhile, the lack of tailpipe emissions offsets an electric sedan or SUV’s initial manufacture emissions within just 1.5-2 years of regular use.

As the U.S. power grid becomes increasingly renewables-based, EVs’ emissions superiority vis-a-vis gas-powered vehicles will continue to grow.

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Sources

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Electric Vehicle Myths

U.S. Department of Energy Electric Vehicle Benefits and Considerations

IPCC Sixth Assessment Report Chapter 2: Emissions trends and drivers

U.S. Department of Energy All-Electric Vehicles

Environmental Research Letters The role of pickup truck electrification in the decarbonization of light-duty vehicles

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Power Sector Evolution

Columbia Law School Sabin Center for Climate Change Law Rebutting 33 False Claims About Solar, Wind, and Electric Vehicles

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Fact briefs are short, credibly sourced summaries that offer "yes/no" answers in response to claims found online. They rely on publicly available, often primary source data and documents. Fact briefs are created by contributors to Gigafact — a nonprofit project looking to expand participation in fact-checking and protect the democratic process. See all of our published fact briefs here.

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