2012 SkS News Bulletin #1: Hurricane Sandy & Climate Change
Posted on 31 October 2012 by John Hartz
This is a round-up of selected news articles and blog posts about Hurricane Sandy, its impacts on North America, and its relationship to climate change. This bulletin supplements the regular SkS weekly News Round-Up which is posted on Saturday of each week.
Sunday, Oct 28
- Hurricane Sandy: Climate Change Activists Offer Stark Reminder Before Storm Hits by Lucas Kavner, The Huffington Post, Oct 28, 2012
- The #Frankenstorm in Climate Context by Andrew Revkin, Dot
Earth, New York Times, Oct 28, 2012 - Shallow Waters and Unusual Path May Worsen the Surge by Kenneth Chang $ Henry Fountain, New York Times, Oct 28, 2012
- Frankenstorm: Has Climate Change Created A Monster? by Adam Frank, NPR, Oct 28, 2012
Monday, Oct 29
- Hurricane Sandy mixes super-storm conditions with climate change by Kevin Trenberth, The Conversation, Oct 29, 2012
- In Hurricane Sandy's Fury, The Fingerprint Of Climate Change by Tom Zeller Jr., The Huffington Post, Oct 29, 2012
- Sandy versus Katrina, and Irene: Monster Hurricanes by the Numbers by Mark Fischetti, Scientific American, Oct 29, 2012
- Extremely Dangerous Hurricane Aims at New York City and Mid-East Coast Areas by Lauren Morello , Colin Sullivan and ClimateWire, Scientific American, Oct 29, 2012
- Hurricane Sandy Puts More Than $87 Billion Worth Of Homes At Risk by Morgan Brennan, Forbes, Oct 29, 2012
- Aliens, Sandy And The Coming Global Superstorms by Kenneth Rapoza, Forbes, Oct 29, 2012
- Weather or Climate: What Caused Hurricane Sandy? by Stephanie Pappas, LiveScience, Oct 29, 2012
- 'Storm Like No Other': Ongoing Coverage as Powerful Hurricane Sandy Makes Landfall by Common Dreams staff, Common Dreams, Oct 29, 2012
- For New York, the Issue of Steps Not Taken by Mireya Navarro, New Yorkl Times, Oct 29, 2012
- What lessons from hurricane Sandy? by the Editorial Board, The Christian Science Monitor, Oct 29, 2012
- We Are All from New Orleans Now: Climate Change, Hurricanes and the Fate of America's Coastal Cities by Mike Tidwell, The Nation, Oct 29, 2012
- On ‘Frankenstorms,’ Climate Science and ‘Reverse Tribalism’ by Andrew Revkin, Dot Earth, New York Times, Oct 29, 2012
- Yes, Hurricane Sandy is a good reason to worry about climate change by Brad Plumer, Ezra Klein's WonkBlog, Washington Post, Oct 29, 2012
- Hurricane Sandy's Economic Impact Likely To Be Immense by Marilyn Geewax, NPR, Oct 29, 2012
- On Not Scaring Ourselves to Death: Moving Beyond the Adrenaline Rush of a Good Storm to an Energy Revolution by Daphne Wysham, Institute for Policy Studies, Oct 29, 2012
- Slow-moving hurricanes such as Sandy on the rise by Michael Marshall, New Scientist, Oct 29, 2012
- Did Climate Change Supersize Hurricane Sandy? By Chris Mooney, Mother Jones, Oct 29, 2012
Tuesday, Oct 30
- Amid Hurricane Sandy, climate change talk is in order by the Editorial Board, Newark News-Ledger, Oct 30, 2012
- How Superstorm Sandy Became a Snowstorm by Stephanie Pappas, LiveScience, Oct 30, 2012
- Sandy Deals New York City Flooding, Fire And Blackouts by Scott Neumann, NPR, Oct 30, 2012
- Sandy leaves NYC subway system, infrastructure licking its wounds by James Eng, NBC News, Oct 30, 2012
- Obama declares major disaster in NYC, NJ as Sandy kills 28, causes major flooding and fires by Miguel Llanos, NBC News, Oct 30, 2012
- Television News Outlets Ignore Climate Change During Sandy Coverage. Should We Really Be Surprised? by Stephen Lacey, Climate Progress, Oct 30, 2012
- Global Warming Systemically Caused Hurricane Sandy by George Lakoff, The Huffington Post, Oct 30, 2012
- Climate Change Takes The Campaign By Storm: Countdown Day 7 by Howard Fineman, The Huffington Post, Oct 30, 2012
- Hurricane Sandy spins up climate discussion by Jeff Tollefson, Nature, Oct 30, 2012
- Hurricane Sandy Pushing Obama, Romney to Break Climate Silence by Common Dreams staff, Common Dreams, Oct 30, 2012
- Can climate change gatecrash the race for the White House? by Tom Mitchell, Shaping Policy for Development, Oct 30, 2012
- Change and Sandy: Why We Need to Prepare for a Warmer World by Bryan Walsh, Ecocentric, Time, Oct 30, 2012

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The link for "Sandy versus Katrina, and Irene: Monster Hurricanes by the Numbers" seems to point somewhere else..
Thanks,
Bharath
So there was a 10 foot storm surge, inches of rain, 110 kmh winds. It's being beat-up like a category 5 with 30 foot storm surge, a foots of rain, 250+ kmh winds.
Katrina and Yasi sized cyclones/hurricanes eat Sandy size storms for breakfast and don't even flinch. Sandy wasn't even a small hurricane. It was a big storm, that is all.
Does an end-of-season hurricane impacting an unusual polar weather pattern justify asking the question: How did this happen? Prudence suggests to me that it does. YMMV.
Correct link inserted. Thanks for bringing the glitch to our attention.
Morano Memo has arrived.
Al Gore blames Hurricane Sandy on 'global warming'
The Washington Times October 30, 2012, 03:16PM
Al Gore has to be the gift that keeps on giving for all the "deskepticons" like Morano, Watts and Harris.
Consider the discussion regarding public perception of AGW like a person fighting addiction.
They can stay sober for months while the empirical metrics build and build and build toward a reasoned conclusion and then one day Al Gore is mentioned and suddenly they are half naked in the streets, lying in a pool of their own vomit which reeks from the scent of cheap red wine and Climate Depot while mumbling something about "climate-gate" and "where's the 100% undeniable proof?"
Best if you just stay off the radar Al.
The Morano Memo says we're supposed to focus on semantics rather than facts on the ground.
Care to explain what the "Morano Memo" is? I actually have no idea.
And seriously, Sandy was not category 1 when it hit land.
@ Doug_H:
I refer you to the NYC website: http://www.nyc.gov/html/oem/html/hazards/storms_hurricanehistory.shtml
NYC has a long and proud history of being hit by big storms / weak hurricanes.
Whether people refer to "hurricane Sandy" or a "Frankenstorm" or "Superstrom Sandy" or "post-tropical storm Sandy" does not change the facts, the storm was a record breaker:
1) Record low surface pressure, smashing previous records
2) Unprecedented storm surge along portions of the coast, smashing previous records
3) Hurricane-force winds
4) About eight million people without power
5) Up to 13 inches of rain causing widespread flooding
6) About
4050 deaths and counting (not including the 30 deaths in the Caribbean)7) Damage running into tens of billions of dollars, the final tally will only be known after several months, perhaps longer
The following claim is a red herring and misses the point,
"NYC has a long and proud history of being hit by big storms / weak hurricanes"
Yet the 100 plus year old transit system has never seen flooding like this. But don't take my word for it:
""The New York City subway system is 108 years old, but it has never faced a disaster as devastating as what we experienced last night," said Joseph Lhota, chairman of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority, or MTA." [Source]
I find Dale's indifference given the scale of this calamity to be troubling. Superdenial indeed.
Sandy's impact: State by state, CNN, 0ct 30, 2012
Here's part of what Jeff Masters had to say:
"In a stunning spectacle of atmospheric violence, Superstorm Sandy roared ashore in New Jersey last night with sustained winds of 90 mph and a devastating storm surge that crippled coastal New Jersey and New York. Sandy's record size allowed the historic storm to bring extreme weather to over 100 million Americans, from Chicago to Maine and from Michigan to Florida. Sandy's barometric pressure at landfall was 946 mb, tying the Great Long Island Express Hurricane of 1938 as the most powerful storm ever to hit the Northeast U.S. north of Cape Hatteras, NC. New York City experienced its worst hurricane since its founding in 1624, as Sandy's 9-foot storm surge rode in on top of a high tide to bring water levels to 13.88' at The Battery, smashing the record 11.2' water level recorded during the great hurricane of 1821. Damage from Superstorm Sandy will likely be in the tens of billions, making the storm one of the five most expensive disasters in U.S. history."
Are you trying to fool us or yourself?
Hurricane Sandy's Storm Surge Wreaks Havoc As Its Energy And Trajectory Stun Experts,Tom Zeller Jr., The Huffington Post, Oct 30, 2012
1. AO is currently strongly negative, which pushes the Arctic front down across central US.
2. NOA is currently strongly negative, which results in a blocking high-low formation in the North Atlantic.
3. Sandy formed in such a broad area in the Caribbean due to uniformity of pressure across a massive area.
4. Sandy strengthened as she hit the gulf current.
5. The North Atlantic block caused a pressure compression on the north of Sandy increasing wind speeds.
6. The broad area and strength of wind moved a massive amount of water westward (towards the US).
7. Sandy was bounced towards the US by the North Atlantic block crashing into the Arctic front elongating the system across the eastern seaboard.
8. A peak tide (full moon) would have caused a higher than usual storm surge.
So ultimately, unless AGW controls the AO, NAO, Caribbean air pressure and the moon, I fail to see how Sandy is a result of climate change.
BTW, here's a good site explaining why Sandy became what she did. http://sciencereview.berkeley.edu/the-science-of-sandy-how-a-category-1-storm-can-panic-a-nation/
"I have other priorities" is the way one recent US VP expressed it. Question is, what are those priorities? Defending a doomed dinosaur?
But it's hard to believe the media beat-up when NYC mayor Bloombery declares the city will be open for business tomorrow. How long did it take New Orleans to be open for business after Katrina?
Question: if this system had've hit a much less populated area, and much less financially and politically important area, would the same media hype have been seen? Absolutely not.
Whilst it's a very public tragedy, this is no New Orleans/Queensland/Japan.
Or do you believe sea level rise isn't a problem?
With such quality of argumentation, even with the "sorry" acknowledged, I still find any factual discussion with Dale worthless. How can I expect from such a person to understand/appreciate the slow-paced AGW, which makes the events like Sandy more and more probable? And how can I expect from such a person any duty of care to future generations when he ignores the damages to his peers affected by the storm right now?
As noted by some german newspapers (e.g. sz) S. Rahmstorf puts together some early thoughts about the very special conditions of this unusual storm on his blog [KlimaLounge].
And then, there is always the "loaded dice" [SkS].
...none of which has ever managed to achieve this scale of damage. But that's only the reality of the situation, which is as nothing, when compared to your certain (error-bar free!) knowledge that this wasn't really much of a storm at all, and that proves something, apparently, in your mind. Just like those fine folks at WUWT sneering that the storm surge was only 'sloshing'.
Superdenier indeed. But please keep it up, you're providing an outstanding - and almost breath-takingly tone-deaf/off-putting - illustration of just how extreme your movement really is.
He basically said the hybrid storm was a chance event. In particular I would add that the upper level pattern would have caused a "normal" nor'easter had Sandy not been in a particular location at a particular time. The models could not agree at first (particularly GFS) because timing was everything.
A wind map of this time yesterday shows how unique Sandy was/ is ... it affected every state from Florida to Maine, and from New York to Illinois. A "Superstorm" indeed.
The "Only a Category 1" meme is pretty anaemic in the face of that.
One joker pointed out that the Candadian border guards prevented it entering their country!! But it also affected all the Canadian states along the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence.
An animated map here: Animated Wind Map
Thanks to coby A Few things Ill Considered
The category of a storm says little about its impact. While it is still widely used in the media and for historical reasons, hurricane researchers have moved on and discuss more aspects of a storm. Particularly the hurricane severity index (follow the external links) is more useful for storm comparisons. I addition, impact upon landfall is not only affected by the external factors listed here, but also by
i) infrastructure preparedness (e.g. construction locations; are power lines above-ground? and trees trimmed away from them?)
ii) disaster preparedness (e.g. construction types; disaster kits)
iii) previous weather in area (e.g. is the ground soaked already?)
And there are likely some more. One of the reasons the east coast is not as prepared as the Gulf Coast, is storm frequency in the area.
If conditions are "right", even a "minor" storm can do a lot of damage (e.g. TS Allison, Fay). Comments like Dale's are short-sighted, as they focus on one or a few aspects, as one would expect a denialist do. Meaning, without going to a denialist page, I predict with certainty ;-) that is what they are doing.
Informed people consider many aspects, and although this storm is not going to be shown to have been caused by Global Warming, informed people that its impact would likely have been lower had Global Warming been addressed early on.
I was in Innisfail for tropical cyclone Larry (cat 4 - Saffir Simpson). I know how destructive these things are. Larry had sustained 1 min winds of 205+ kmh at landfall, Sandy had 140 kmh at landfall (NOAA advisory 7-8pm Mon 29th).
I apologise if I sound "sceptical" of the beat-up of Sandy. But I don't apologise for sounding "sceptical" of the climate change claims affecting Sandy.
@ those talking about "loaded dice".
I invite you guys to read the Wiki entries on north-east Atlantic hurricanes. You'll find a number of hurricanes worse than Sandy. Frequency is not getting higher as you claim. You will probably also enjoy reading about the 1938 hurricane (often called the Long Island Express) with its 260 kmh winds and 14-25 foot storm surge (also during a full moon) which if occurred today has been estimated would cause $40 billion in damage to New York. Or if you like, try the 1821 Norfolk and Long Island hurricane, which had 215 kmh winds which caused a 13 foot storm surge flooding Manhattan back to Canal Street.
Alternatively you could argue the physics, can you explain why warmer oceans does not affect hurricane intensity as Prof. Trenberth suggests?
As an example, had Sandy not appeared at the right time but instead a nor'easter spun up off the coast, but instead of moving inland the nor'easter lingered off of New Jersey pushing water into NYC for multiple high tides, it could have caused the same surge that Sandy did.
A stalled front in fall could (and has) yielded more rainfall than Sandy did and that rain could be 5 to 10 percent higher due to climate change.
Similarly, it takes a combination of "random factors" coming together to make a storm in the first place, but climate change alters the distribution of those "random factors" and hence has an effect on the intensity of storms (IIRC current thinking is that it is intensity that is affected more than frequency, but I not read a great deal on this particular issue).
Just as you can't attribute rolling a six on a particular occasion purely on the loading of the die, you can't attribute the severity of a particular storm purely on climate change. However common sense should tell you that loading the die made that six more likely, and similarly a decent grasp of the physics should tell you that warmer oceans makes a strong storm/hurricane more likely.
As happens quite often when using analogies in the climate debate, you are over-complicating a simple analogy and hence missing the point. Loading a die means to change the distributions of the outcomes away from being equiprobable. Loading a die says nothing about how often the die is rolled, so there was no reason to introduce that complication.
You mean like this statistical analysis from 1900-2006 finding no increasing trend in US Atlantic basin hurricane strikes?
http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/2007JCLI1772.1
Or this one (which includes the Pacific basin) from 1851 to 2009 also showing no trend in US hurricane strikes.
http://moe.met.fsu.edu/~jcossuth/others/
And finally don't forget Dr Ryan Maue's graphs, showing no increasing trend in global tropical storms or hurricanes/cyclones since 1970.
http://policlimate.com/tropical/frequency_12months.png
So yeah, let's look at trends.
[DB] As commenter bill notes below, you need to evaluate Grinsted et al 2012:
"We demonstrate that the major events in our surge index record can be attributed to landfalling tropical cyclones; these events also correspond with the most economically damaging Atlantic cyclones. We find that warm years in general were more active in all cyclone size ranges than cold years. The largest cyclones are most affected by warmer conditions and we detect a statistically significant trend in the frequency of large surge events (roughly corresponding to tropical storm size) since 1923. In particular, we estimate that Katrina-magnitude events have been twice as frequent in warm years compared with cold years (P < 0.02)."
http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2012/10/10/1209542109
Add in the warmest 17 years in the instrumental record are all the most recent 17 years...
Tell me. Why do you suppose this particular area is so financially important? Could it be on account of the deep water ports and major rivers that are rarely hit by natural disasters? Earthquakes, tornadoes, wild fires, and (until recently) major storms all generally give the northeastern US a pass.
Now we've seen widespread power outages lasting several days three times in the past year. You think turning the biggest financial center in the world back to third world conditions is not a news worthy event?
As to the actual storm... you seem not to comprehend the difference between 'hurricane strength' on the Saffir - Simpson scale, which measures top wind speed, and the total energy of the storm. Sandy's top wind speed was nowhere near as high as Katrina's, but it was a massively more powerful storm. Katrina had a devastating impact on one city and did significant damage in a couple of states. Sandy hit the east coast of North America. See the difference?
On the ground report: Partial power has been restored in NYC, Newark, and other major cities. Oddly, traffic lights are still out in many places even where the surrounding buildings have power. Most water pumping stations and communications are back up, but electricity is another story. They seem to be concentrating on getting the cities restored before the surrounding areas. Which means that a lot of people (me included) now have power at their workplaces, but not at home. Only damage at my place was a 35 year old Magnolia tree which got crushed by a huge limb coming off a much older Oak in the neighbor's yard. Trees are down all over the area. They had done a lot of work after the prior outages to clear branches away from power lines and I didn't see any downed lines this time, but obviously it didn't solve the problem. Projections are that many areas could remain without power for a couple of weeks.
What does the IPCC WG1 report say about this (which is a reasonable assessment of the mainstream scientific position). Does the IPCC cite reports that contradict the ones you cite?
By the way, the first paper seems to me to overstate the conclusions, where they write "The hypothesis that hurricane strike frequencies are increasing in time is also statistically rejected.", which is not supported by the analysis as far as I can see. Not being able to reject the null hypothesis does not entitle you to reject the alternative hypothesis.
To be clear, I was pointing out that your argument was flawed, not necessarily the conclusion. However strong claims (such as that mainstream climatology is wrong) requires similarly strong evidence. The ball is in your court.
We've even had McCain's daughter tweeting 'So, are still going to go with climate change not being real, fellow republicans?' It's that bloody obvious.
The strategy of desperate cherry-picking, nit-picking, and general obfuscationist pedantry is falling apart. This was supposed to be a Type 1 error thing so you could sneer about a bit of water sloshing over the breakwaters, ha ha, stupid alarmists fussing over nothing, now let's all elect Mitt, wasn't it?
And instead it turns out your Type 2 errors are coming home to roost, and it's blatantly obvious, even at the level of a Fox News audience, just what pollyannaish BS the whole 'isn't happening and anyway even if it is we'll adapt' thing is! Turns out reality really does have a strong liberal bias...
And, Christ, man, how did this not really-impressive-at-all, barely-even-merits-the-name storm manage to do so much harm? Where did those barometric records come from? What's going to happen when some satisfactorily-higher-category proper full-on hurricane does hit? Shall we wait until then, and then we can all wring our hands with crystal conviction knowing that we should have done something thirty years ago, shall we?
You don't know anything about risk. Get it? At all! The bulwark of your arrogance has been breached along with the sea-walls.
You want to take up the whole trends thing? Go see Tamino discussing Grinsted. He'll thrash you, but you won't know it.
And, as I said, do keep up the tone-deaf 'it was nothing I tell you' zealotry - it ain't our cause you're harming with it...
http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2011/nov/16/climate-change-report-new-york-city?CMP=twt_gu
What does the IPCC say about trends in tropical cyclones (hurricanes and typhoons) and mid-latitude storms, both in terms of the historical records and projections of future climate?
And perhaps not respond to his posts until he has demonstrated that he knows what mainstream science says on this issue by giving a direct and unambiguous answer to this question.
We have Sandy, soon we'll have food prices whose effects will ripple through the developing world, we have more than that and it's getting worse with every passing day. People are getting hurt now.
I also knew that when this day came, their denial would only get stronger and more aggressive, much as a little child will more and more adamantly claim he "didn't do it." They scream so loudly that they convince themselves of their innocence.
And I also know that the day is going to come when this stuff is no longer remotely arguable, when we've seen four or five Sandy's, and Texas and Oklahoma farmers are abandoning their farm land for good, and food prices go up and stay up. And on and on and on.
And when that day comes, some people are going to have to live with themselves (even though, so far, they've demonstrated an uncannily unwavering ability to spin lies into gold, to stand the facts and the physics on their heads to create a bizarre world where they are right and everyone else is wrong).
The day is going to come when their complete idiocy is laid bare to all, including themselves. I hope they'll at least have the courage to do as Myron Ebell already did (denier-style quote mining purposefully executed here):
I'll also await an answer and avoid any more responses to Dale till we get that answer.
As far as "food prices go up and stay up" goes, I suspect we have reached that point already.
Give the happs of the states to our east, farmers her are on pins and needles; the inputs have ALL gone up, and I watch my well like a hawk, givn a great deal of farmgn around me is center-pivot irrigation, which draws on the same aquifer as I am on.
In short, I see food prices remaining high from now on. And let me say this unequivocally: Fuel-from-food is an asinine, stupid, idiotic idea. As you say, the primary and most hurtful effect of that is on the world's poor.
With that said, AGW can (and does) influence the background setting in which the storms develop and does affect the odds of the storms/events being more intense/extreme than they would otherwise have been. Analysis of observations has demonstrated that fact repeatedly. Recent research has suggested that in a warming world we could see fewer tropical storms but those storms that do develop will likely be more intense (and as noted by gws @28 wind is not the only metric for quantifying the severity).
Also, those arguing that Sandy was "only" a category one storm fail to take into account:
1) The enormity of this storm, it was huge
2) The fact that it passed over waters that were as much as 3 C warmer than average
3) That the atmosphere is now capable of holding more water vapour than it was in the past (which translates into more precipitation)
4) That because of the longer growing season, more trees were likely in leaf than would have been decades ago.
5) Last but not least, the system develop atop a rising ocean (again mostly because of AGW)
So of course Trenberth is not going to say that AGW caused Sandy. Eric's interpretation or paraphrasing of Trenberth is wrong and misrepresents his position and the science on this issue-- it is essentially a strawman argument.
Here is a Nature article that, IMHO, provides a balanced look at the situation.
More to come on this matter from SkS soon.
NOAA:
Even if Dale is truly desperate to sway opinions it's still better to stick to an accepted standard of facts. Otherwise we're likely to forever hear about the famous '38 storm and its ever-growing surge, always bigger than the biggest surge yet.