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Comments 14601 to 14650:

14601. nigelj at 06:27 AM on 6 June 2018
       The latest weak attacks on EVs and solar panels
       

       CBDunkerson

       "the 'materials problem' for wind and solar power is largely fictional."

       Yes or I would say its not a pressing problem. However its wise to appreciate rare earths have only about 80 years of supply left on the basis of known reserves. Copper has about 40 years left, although its easy to recycle. Obviously there are upper limits because minerals are not infinite. 

       However its worse for uranium, with only 20 years left, and recycling / reprocessing is more difficult than other materials.  All according to this data.

       And yes the numbers are all probably pessimistic and more reserves will be discovered, but these things are still limited resources, and  it demonstrates some of the longer term challenges humanity will encounter.

       "If the entire world is run on nuclear power, then the entire world will have access to nuclear weapons. That's inherently unsafe."

       Good point. The safety issue is also complicated. In fact nuclear energy causes fewer deaths per capita than other forms of energy, an argument used by the advocates, but accidents are environmentally devastating on farming land, and entire towns or cities have to be abandoned. And so we have huge public opposition which is undestandable I think, and why nuclear power probably has a limited future in democratic countries. 

14602. CBDunkerson at 00:07 AM on 6 June 2018
       The latest weak attacks on EVs and solar panels
       

       nigelj, the 'materials problem' for wind and solar power is largely fictional. The various 'rare earth' materials could be mined from numerous other sources around the world... there just hasn't been a need / market for anyone to do so to date. Other limitations, especially for solar, only apply to the 'currently most popular' components. Completely different construction methods and materials can be used to produce solar panels which are currently almost as good, and which with further research may some day surpass the currently leading designs.

       As to nuclear overcoming its safety issue... it can't. Maybe we could come up with a fool-proof design to prevent accidents. Maybe some safe way of dealing with radioactive waste could be devised. Maybe we could find some way to overcome the cost and limited fuel supply problems and thus avoid their economic impact. Nuclear would still never be 'safe'. If the entire world is run on nuclear power then the entire world will have access to nuclear weapons. That's inherently unsafe.

14603. Philippe Chantreau at 23:31 PM on 5 June 2018
       The latest weak attacks on EVs and solar panels
       

       "Nothing is ideal really unless you have a geothermal field perhaps."

       Or you just create said field. That's the idea behind enhanced geothermal or Hot Dry Rock, which is a far better solution than anything else existing today: smaller ground footprint than solar or wind, comparable span of useful life, can be readily integrated as baseline, not weather dependent, no emissions beyond that needed to build (which are far lower than those of nuclear), no waste, minimal safety issues, no adverse impact on wildlife.

14604. nigelj at 11:10 AM on 5 June 2018
       The latest weak attacks on EVs and solar panels
       

       M Sweet @2, thats a good debunking. I just wanted to see if anyone could tear it apart.  It's  clear solar and wind is winning in terms of costs and quick construction.

       Bit if nuclear could overcome its difficulties, including the safety issue would you have an objection?

       Remember although uranium etc is a limited resources, so are some of the materials in wind and solar power. Nothing is ideal really unless you have a geothermal field perhaps.

       However I think its best a decision for generating companies whether they choose wind, solar nuclear or whatever or some combination. But  anything is preferable to fossil fuels.

14605. Alpinist at 11:09 AM on 5 June 2018
       The latest weak attacks on EVs and solar panels
       

       Hey Brett, I have an EV. Right now with warmer temperatures I'm sitting at nearly 190 MPGe with a projected total range of 345. Are there infrastructure issues...in Montana, absolutely but it's been my daily driver since December 1.

14606. Kiwiiano at 07:50 AM on 5 June 2018
       2018 SkS Weekly Climate Change & Global Warming Digest #22
       

       Unfortunately, although the world isn't buying into his crazy ideas, he has enough syncophants in critical appointments to kneecap the USA's response to the looming crisis.

14607. michael sweet at 07:48 AM on 5 June 2018
       The latest weak attacks on EVs and solar panels
       

       Nigelj,

       Schellenburger has so many errors that it is impossible to address them.  Read Abbott 2011 which lilsts about 13 reasons why a nuclear utopia is impossible because there are not enough materials to build the plants, places to site them or enough fuel for them, among other issues.   Schellenburger does not address any of them.  For only one, if we built the 15,000 needed reactors we would expect a major accident (like Fukashima) somewhere every month.  I have never heard of or seen a reply to Abbott 2011 from a nuclear supporter.

       They have found it impossible to build "safe" generation 4 nuclear plants.  The Chinese and India are building "unsafe" (according to nuclear supporters) since generation 4 is unbuildable.  Nuclear plants cost more to run than it costs to build and run renewable energy.  Nuclear plants cost too much to build: in the USA the last two plants under construction have already added 20% to the energy bills of theiir unfortunate customers and they will not begin generating for at least 4 years, if ever.  In my area customers paid $1.5 billion for a nuclear plant where they never applied for a permit to build it.

       Schellenburger cries that wind and solar have not been build out much in the past when they were not economic.  Now, just as wind and solar have become economic,  he wants to build nuclear when it is even more uneconomic.   Renewable is now the cheapest power on earth.  This article in the Guardian says that the value of fossil fuel in the ground will collapse and possibly cause an economic problem because fossil fuels will be replaced by renewable in the next 20 years. (peer reviewed article: Macroeconomic impact of stranded fossil fuel assets. Nature Climate Change, 2018; DOI: 10.1038/s41558-018-0182-1)

       Why does the value of solar and wind go down as they penetrate the market?  Because they are so much cheaper to produce that they depress the price.  People will certainly complain when their energy bills go down 50%.  That depression of the price of energy is why coal and nuclear are going out of business in the US.

       Most peer reviewed articles on future energy regard nuclear as a non-starter. 

14608. nigelj at 06:52 AM on 5 June 2018
       The latest weak attacks on EVs and solar panels
       

       While I'm impressed with solar and wind power, the following article is a fascinating read on why Schellenberger has become a convert to nuclear power, and he makes some rather persuasive points. Can anyone find fault with his views?

14609. william5331 at 06:19 AM on 5 June 2018
       2018 SkS Weekly Climate Change & Global Warming Digest #22
       

       When talking about rivers drying up, one must distinguish between rivers that have less annual flow and those that have the same or even greater flow but not when the water is most needed.  In the latter case there is a furry little solution that not only replaces glaciers but does so much more.  http://mtkass.blogspot.com/2007/07/canadian-beaver-pest-or-benefactor.html

       Moderator Response:

       [PS] You have been warned before on this. By all means join the conversation and provide links to your own material where it is directly relevant to the discussion with more material than will easily go into a comment. However, using every comment as a vehicle to advertize your own blog is discourteous. Readers will simply ignore your comments, treating them as spam. If you persist, we will too.

14610. One Planet Only Forever at 00:20 AM on 5 June 2018
       2018 SkS Weekly Climate Change & Global Warming News Roundup #22
       

       william@5,

       There is a more effective action than 'edging up the price of fossil fuels'. But it also faces perception challenges.

       Leaders simply acting to increase the cost of anything face 'popularity challenges'. Their opponents can easily win motivated sure to vote voters simply by saying they will cancel the increased costs (almost always called a tax to trigger an emotion based response because everyone has been trained to dislike taxes) imposed on the poor consumer by that nasty leader, or in a place like Alberta say they would never act in a way that challenges the profitability of the local fossil fuel industry, they would do everything they could to support such an industry be as popular and profitable as possible.

       A better action is the Fee-Rebate approach, where the carbon fee is redistributed equally to every citizen. With that approach the carbon fee can actually be rapidly increased because people should understand that only the people consuming more than the average amount pay a penalty, and the ones consuming far less than average get a big bonus.

       That is the policy implemented in Alberta. And they called it the carbon levy and rebate program. But the Unite the Right opponents of Alberta's current leadership are succeeding is getting people to call it a Tax and only see the cost side of that policy. I regularly come across Albertans who say the carbon tax (they do not call it a levy) penalizes the poor. When I explain that the poorest actually benefit from the program, some people shift swiftly to declaring it to be an unacceptable wealth transfer (flipping almost instantly from declaring their interest in the plight of the poor to clearly disliking actions that help the poor - because their primary motivation is selfish and their claim making is just misleading marketing, and they know that it is)

       What that indicates to me is that the socioeconomic political systems currently ruling the planet encourage people to develop more extreme selfish self-interest. And that selfishness seriously challenges a person's ability to be helpful. It can lead them to critically think about how things 'negatively affect them personally' and be skeptical of any action that does not 'appear to them' to increase their opportunity to continue or increase the activities they developed a desire and taste for enjoying.

14611. nigelj at 11:52 AM on 4 June 2018
       2018 SkS Weekly Climate Change & Global Warming Digest #22
       

       Trump is quitting many key sensible international agreements, for example: Psychopaths trade war’ - Top economist furious at Donald Trump ‘illegal’ economic moves

       Don't shoot me I'm just the messenger. But this is what really caught my attention in the article: “By instinct, we strive to make sense of Trump’s nonsense, implicitly assuming some hidden strategy. There is none."

       This will apply equally to his climate policies. The good news is it looks like the world isn't buying into any of it. 

14612. nigelj at 11:05 AM on 4 June 2018
       Animal agriculture and eating meat are the biggest causes of global warming
       

       Reb Baron @18,  ok those are good points, particularly the use of low quality arable land for cattle, and going back more to mixed farming, that  combines crops, chickens and pigs, and this is a good sustainable multi purpose model. 

       I stress test ideas, to see if they stand up to being poked at,  it doesn't mean I'm promoting vegetariansim or anything. Increasingly I'm becoming suspicious of any extreme solutions to most forms of problems. Eliminating all meat consumption completely seems as dubious as this very high meat Atkins diet. But I digress.

       However I think you are still left with the same population problems.

14613. RedBaron at 10:46 AM on 4 June 2018
       Animal agriculture and eating meat are the biggest causes of global warming
       

       Nigelij,

        Here is what you are missing:  Earth has lost a third of arable land in past 40 years, scientists say

       Now what do you suppose can regenerate those highly degraded croplands? You guessed it, properly managed livestock. Completely unfit for crops yet it certainly not only can be used to provide high quality food, the production of food by grazing can if done right heal the land enough that once again it can become arable! in this case it is clear. Animals always produce more because you can't produce crops there anymore at all. The land became "farmed out".

       You remove all animal husbandry and this very important tool is lost. Then we are locked into the slow slide into desertification and ultimately a crash of all human civilization as farming ends. That's not as far away as you think actually. Only 60 Years of Farming Left If Soil Degradation Continues

       But what about land still capable of producing crops?

       Read that carefully. It says "IF  soil degradation continues" emphasis on the "if". And how do we reverse this trend of soil degradation? By properly integrating animal husbandry back on the farm. When you do that correctly you produce far more calories per acre than without.

       Cant see it? Look here from Australia:

       Why pasture cropping is such a Big Deal

       Read that carefully. See what is going on? The crop is still there, but you get a bonus of forages when the land isn't producing a crop! Whether sheep or cows is irrelevant. The point is that you gain extra food production you would otherwise not had, and restore fertility to the land simultaneously.

       So you get X yields PLUS the extra yields from animals.

       Same goes for many other types of animal husbandry done properly. Culls and scraps being fed to chickens and pigs, goats eating brush and weeds instead of herbicides use, Ducks weeding between rice, the list is very long. In all cases though the integrated farm produces more calories per acre sustainably than crop production alone. Always!

       Either it produces more because you can't even grow crops at all, or... it produces more because you use the animals to cycle waste material and turn it into fertility making crops grow better and gain a bonus of additional animal foods AT THE SAME TIME.

14614. DrivingBy at 10:00 AM on 4 June 2018
       2018 SkS Weekly Climate Change & Global Warming News Roundup #22
       

       @nigelj #4 

       Agreed, and also agreed that this feature probably won't change.  Run "publicly financed campaigns" by the soldiers of General Public and they'll say "You want to take my money to pay those crooks to get elected."

       When I mentioned the $3 checkoff (tosses $3 of your tax into the next Presidential election matching fund) to the friend who is probably the closest to average said, in effect, that he didn't want to give then any more of his $. Any further discussion on that topic, brick wall. 

       whoops, I'm going off topic here. /end

14615. william5331 at 09:03 AM on 4 June 2018
       2018 SkS Weekly Climate Change & Global Warming News Roundup #22
       

       Cutting off the supply is a bit draconian.  All that is necessary is to edge the price of fossil fuels up so that more and more people shift to the now cheaper renewable options.  A simple way to do this is to transfer the huge fossil fuel subsidies of various types from fossil fuel to renewables but this will never happen as long as we have the present system of big vested interests being able to finance the election campaigns (and other blandisments??) of the politicians.  The principle is quite simple.  Who pays the piper calls the tune.

       http://mtkass.blogspot.com/2018/01/wasted-effort.html

       Moderator Response:

       [DB] Self-promotional link snipped.

14616. Sunspot at 08:45 AM on 4 June 2018
       Melting Arctic sends a message: Climate change is here in a big way
       

       While I certainly agree that the media has dropped tha ball in their reporting on Climate Change - I watch a lot of CNN and MSNBC, and it is very seldom even mentioned - one of the main reasons is that they get bombarded by the deniers when they do report anything. Whether or not they are paid trolls - and I gather there is ample avidence that a lot of them are - the media outlets shy away from it just to keep the noise down. So in that way, the disinformation campaign is winning. For now. Of course, when it gets hot enough, the denial will evaporate. Unfortunately, so will everything else...

14617. nigelj at 06:48 AM on 4 June 2018
       Animal agriculture and eating meat are the biggest causes of global warming
       

       Red Baron @16, I'm pretty sure you would get more calories per acre (or hectare)  from crop land farming, or chicken farming, as against grasslands cattle farming or indeed any conceivable form of cattle farming, no matter how efficient. The following article and research sums it up. Cattle have to eat a lot of food stocks or grasses, and burn much of it off in energy. I can't see how that would possibly change no matter how the farming is done.

       However grasslands and beef cattle farming are important as a carbon sink, thats the other side of the equation. If we want to preserve them, higher population pressure cannot help.

       Answer me a question. Why does the world need more people? Doesn't the environmental, economic, and social evidence suggest we have more than enough people ?

14618. nigelj at 06:26 AM on 4 June 2018
       2018 SkS Weekly Climate Change & Global Warming News Roundup #22
       

       Driving by @2, I would say all those lobby groups can be a problem, whether fossil fuels, silicon valley, all pushing their interests, sometimes fair minded interests, sometimes pernicious interests. Lobbying has taken over politics, entire books have been written on this. Yes they represent "us",  but a lot of it is deceitful, and behind closed doors. 

       However the main problem is it's so tempting to take campaign money from various groups or powerful individuals, and this is necessary for all but very wealthy politicians, and then you are beholden to those groups. People may say they aren't,  but there will be huge subconscious pressure.

       The answer is strict caps on campaign donations, or better still tax payer funded election campaigns. But this probably won't happen in America.

14619. One Planet Only Forever at 04:16 AM on 4 June 2018
       2018 SkS Weekly Climate Change & Global Warming News Roundup #22
       

       To defend the decision to support the Trans Mountain Pipeline to expand the rate of export of diluted bitumen from Alberta, Canadian Leaders have declared that to have a resource like that and not profit from it would be a tragedy. That sounds reasonable and can undeniably be popular and more profitable.

       All leaders potentially able to temporarily profit from damaging unsustainable 'resource exploitation' can claim the same thing. And the pursuers of profit and tax revenue can be expected to support each other making such claims.

       And it is almost always cheaper, easier or quicker to try to benefit from an unsustainable activity. And cheaper, easier and quicker can easily become more popular than alternatives.

       So the real problem is that competition for popularity and profitability can be expected to develop a chain of damaging unsustainable activity, developing massive resistance to correcting the profitable and popular activity.

       That reality is powerful evidence of the unacceptability of what so many powerful, wealthy and hoping to powerful and wealthy people want everyone to believe.

       If less ethical behaviour is allowed to compete in games of popularity and profitability, then ethics will suffer because of the competition, the less ethical proving that their way is more likely to win more.

       Requiring winners/leaders in business and politics to be the most ethical, to ethically lead, is the best chance for humanity to sustainably develop a better future. The richer, and people with more power and influence, should be required to prove that they are pushing the richest and people in the positions of most power and influence to be held to the highest degree of awareness and understanding of reality and what is required to develop a sustainable better future for all of humanity.

       It should be legally possible for the biggest Winners to have their ability to influence things terminated until they learn to 'Be the Best', regardless of their claims that they are acting in accordance with the current laws. Getting away with less ethical behaviour is the reason laws get corrected, and the correction of the laws should not be required before a less ethical winner can be corrected.

14620. DrivingBy at 04:05 AM on 4 June 2018
       2018 SkS Weekly Climate Change & Global Warming News Roundup #22
       

       @nigelj

       " this is so frustrating and shows the grip fossil fuel lobbies have over politicians..."

       Think a moment. Why did an FF lobby come into being? While that can be answered in many ways depending on which axe is to be honed, it ultimately exists only because it has millions of people who want to buy the end products. Politicians are an expression of who the people actually are, rather than who they say they are. Of course, $$ for one's campaign make a big difference, but no one is forcing people to vote for the candidate with the biggest, most polished campaign.** Those pols, in turn, represent most of the stuff people vote for on the ground by spending their cash on, such as fossil fuel, mass quantities of cheap food, and so forth. Those industries providing stuff the people demand then have cash, some of which goes to lobbying. 

       ** You'll note that in the last US campaign, one side had (perhaps grudging) use of the most adavanced campaign machine ever assembled, plus the might of Wall Street, Silicon Valley and Hollywood. They couldn't possibly lose, they were The New Lords Born To Rule.  Yet came the test, and the crown slip'd through the talons of the princely posse. 

       -— Edward Teller warned of climate change in the '50s.  It would have been trivially easy to change course then, doing it by small, painless adjustments.   

14621. RedBaron at 21:23 PM on 3 June 2018
       Animal agriculture and eating meat are the biggest causes of global warming
       

       No nigelj, you are wrong there. The current factory farming style of animal husbandry is labor efficient but not land efficient or energy efficient or even cost efficient. Overall it is mostly inefficient.

       Converting to regenerative ag in this case increases food output on less land at a lower cost and higher profit and improves that land rather than degrades it.

       We could easily support far more population, not less.

14622. nigelj at 14:34 PM on 3 June 2018
       Animal agriculture and eating meat are the biggest causes of global warming
       

       Red Baron, this is a difficult thing. On one side of this issue, prairie style beef grazing creates a good long term carbon sink. Meat is an excellent source of protein.

       On the other side of the issue, meat is an inefficient form of calories compared to crops and has a significant carbon footprint ( but as you say it depends how its farmed). Whats more, a growing population will put pressure on available land, and this will particularly include converting areas of beef grazing to crops.

       The way out of the dilemma is this: If you want your cows, you better be promoting smaller human population size!

14623. nigelj at 07:18 AM on 3 June 2018
       2018 SkS Weekly Climate Change & Global Warming News Roundup #22
       

       New Zealand has just implemented a ban on issuing any new permits for offshore oil and gas exploration. This supply side policy has had the predictable push back form business interests and their apologists in the media, but not hugely so, and it has not reduced the governments standing in public opinion polls. (I admit this is all a shameless promotion of my country).

       A combination of supply and demand side measures does seem the best approach to me. This is often used to resolve housing market inflation by increasing the supply of housing while dampening demand until things meet in the middle at stable prices. It also seems better strategically to use several tools, in case one tool doesn't work as well as predicted.

       Turning off the supply side of fossil fuels would intuitively seem the the simplest and best solution, but do it too fast and it would be too hard for the economy to adjust, and do it at a more managed pace and it will lead to more fuel efficient and smaller cars, and ditto more efficient electricity generation, thus prolonging emissions. Therefore you have to have demand side measures that make electric cars and renewable energy attractive, such as subsidies or tax exemptions. The UK have subsidised renewable energy with good results.

       To fund the subsidies a carbon tax makes sense, whether this is on oil companies, or more at the petrol pump as a demand side measure. I personally favour a carbon tax that gives some dividends back to the public, but also pays for renewable energy subsidies.

       I suppose its also about the art of the possible, and very heavy supply side measures would get huge push back from industry, but this is so frustrating and shows the grip fossil fuel lobbies have over politicians.

       Emissions trading is pure demand side management, and it doesn't really impress me much. It does have the virtue of simply setting a price and letting industy innovate the best solutions and in theory could be a stand alone climate solution, but it inevitably seems to lead to closed door bargaining with industry interests, and multiple industry exemptions, and is a very opaque process. I have a gut feeling that even with a high carbon price, it is just a very slow mechanism for the various price signals to trickle down into actual results, and time is a factor in the climate problem. But it could be part of a range of measures.

       I also don't like the idea of relying on just one mechanism, and emissions trading is a very complex mechanism. Commonsense tends to suggest its best to  have a range of supply and demand side measures.

14624. RedBaron at 01:43 AM on 3 June 2018
       Animal agriculture and eating meat are the biggest causes of global warming
       

       The issue is clearly what type of animal husbandry we are talking about. Managed properly Beef production can be the most effect sink, or improperly managed a very significant emissions source.

       All depends if the CAFO feedlot model is used or not.

       “The number one public enemy is the cow. But the number one tool that can save mankind is the cow. We need every cow we can get back out on the range. It is almost criminal to have them in feedlots which are inhumane, antisocial, and environmentally and economically unsound.” Allan Savory

14625. RedBaron at 01:28 AM on 3 June 2018
       New research, May 21-27, 2018
       

       2 jef + mod,

       I think it is fair to at least comment on the junk science found on this list here: Impact of cutting meat intake on hidden greenhouse gas emissions in an import-reliant city

       The paper tries to make a case for consumption based accounting where production based accounting is far more appropriate. Primarily because management changes alone can change animal husbandry from a net emissions source to a net sink. It is the production that matters in this case for mitigation potential. You have posted this under the heading of Emission savings and the is no greater emissions savings than changing production from a net source to a net sink. 

       Ironically another paper on this same list Carbon footprints of grain-, forage-, and energy-based cropping systems in the North China plain

       Shows the smallest footprint for grass!

       Clearly both papers are at least partly in conflict with each other.

       I agree though that further discussion besides mentioning those papers are on the weeks list and are at least partly in conflict would be better done on the animal husbandry threads because more solid science has been posted there already.

14626. jef12506 at 23:52 PM on 2 June 2018
       New research, May 21-27, 2018
       

       I am so tired of the simple minded thinking on meat consumption. It is not meat/dairy consumption that is the problem it is the CAFO standard that has been fourced on the industry so a small number of corporations can rake in massive profits.

       We need to go back to grazing livestock. Instead of growing millions of acres of grain, with all the connected FFs involved in that, then cramming it into animals we need to put the animals directly on the land. This has the effect of healthy animals and healthy meat/dairy, it also means healthy pasture lands from natural spread of manure so better CO2 up take. It could also provide millions of jobs.

       Moderator Response:

       [DB] Your comment is off-topic on this thread.  Please place a version on this thread, if you wish to continue this line of discussion.  Same to respondents.  Thanks!

14627. nigelj at 19:57 PM on 2 June 2018
       Trump administration refuses to consider that 97% of climate scientists could be right
       

       In America about half of scientists believe in some form of god or higher power. And they are telling you we are altering the climate.

14628. motorsports at 18:43 PM on 2 June 2018
       Trump administration refuses to consider that 97% of climate scientists could be right
       

       I read you say president Donald Trumps gvt does not acknowledge 97% of what scientists say

       have you also considered that secular people are spiritually dead and do not aknowledge the glaring facts of a created hand that brought this world you see into existence 

       Moderator Response:

       [DB] Please comport your comments to the topic of the thread you place them on and in compliance with the Comments Policy here.  Comments addressing religion fall under the category of ideology.  This venue deals with matters surrounding the scientific evidence for climate change.  Thanks!

14629. nigelj at 07:33 AM on 2 June 2018
       New research, May 21-27, 2018
       

       "Climate change as a polarizing cue: Framing effects on public support for low-carbon energy policies"

       This appears to suggest that Republicans don't accept anthropogenic climate change and regard it almost like a swear word not be said in polite company, and prefer nuclear energy over wind and solar for some mysterious reason. (I confess, I have just scanned the abstract). The common factor might be a desire to understand the world by over simplifying the issues. For example regarding the science the most common myth is "climate has changed before so we arent responsible" which has the virtue of both being simple but wrong.

       Nuclear energy has the one advantage of being continuous baseload power, and the magical appeal of being something wonderful that creates energy out of a few tonnes of uranium. What could be a simpler solution? We were all impressed with nuclear when we were children.

       And wind and solar might be perceived as associated with Greenies and greenies are allegedly "watermelons" and bad, communist  people, so therefore we don't have to listen to anything they say no matter how constructive it is. This is another simplification, and I guess we are all susceptible to such mental biases on various issues.

       But these are all massive simplifications and hide multiple problems with nuclear power and climate denialist myths. It's literally an inability to deal with complexity and nuance, and hard realities about problems. There is a basic lack of intellectual rigour in the Republicans response to the issues at times. You see it with their economic policies as well, all based on massive simplifications that are so far detached from reality as to cause massive problems.

       "This nuclear expansion should be accompanied by effective international safety assurances, including a mandate to stop construction of unsafe nuclear power plants"

       Good luck with that. Another piece of wishful thinking. I don't see this as likely to happen, given countries self interest and cost pressures, especially when you have  America attacking international agreements, if not indeed the entire international order. Wind and solar seems the best idea until genuinely safe nuclear power becomes a reality which I would welcome (but dont hold your breath, its been promised for a considerable time now).

14630. billev at 05:02 AM on 2 June 2018
       Global warming made Hurricane Harvey more destructive
       

       Areas of high and low air pressure will continue to be the major determinant of hurricane direction and speed.   

14631. SirCharles at 04:01 AM on 2 June 2018
       Restricting global warming to 1.5C could ‘halve’ risk of biodiversity loss
       

       Scratching the 1.5°C Jazz
       https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9a6JeqX1BHI

14632. John Hartz at 23:58 PM on 1 June 2018
       Global warming made Hurricane Harvey more destructive
       

       Recommended supplemental reading:

       Stronger, Wetter, Slower: How Hurricanes Will Change by Mark Fischetti, Scientific American, May 30, 2018

       Does global warming make tropical cyclones stronger? by Stefan Rahmstorf, Kerry Emanuel, Mike Mann & Jim Kossin, Real Climate, May 30, 2018

14633. MA Rodger at 22:43 PM on 1 June 2018
       It hasn't warmed since 1998
       

       Correction to #402.

       Para 3 should read "... instead of 1998-2012."

14634. MA Rodger at 22:38 PM on 1 June 2018
       It hasn't warmed since 1998
       

       guym @400,

       I have long  pondered the "hiatus" nonsense from contrarians. My take on it is perhaps more clinical than Eclectic @401, and a smidgen shorter.

       One of the difficulties we face addessing the "hiatus" is that contrarians define the "hiatus" to mean vastly different things, from silly nonsense from Rose of the Daily Rail (Temp(Jan1996)=Temp(Aug2012) => global warming stopped 16 years ago) to more allegedly-grown-up versions comparing modeled & measured temperatures. Which ever version is used, their take-away is "Global Warming has stopped" or "Models are badly wrong". And any attempt to sensibly address the issue like in the AR5 Box 9.2 or for instance Hansen et al discussing the 'Global Warming Standstill' in 2012 results in a contrarian 'we told you so!!' response which is then grafted onto nonsense by even the more respected of contrarians to beat the "Global Warming Has Stopped!!!" drum (eg ex-clomatologist Judith Curry).

       So you really do have to be careful when addressing the issue of the "hiatus" and that means more than using a title that calls it the "Hiatus in Global Mean Surface Warming of the Past 15 Years" as per AR5 Box9.2.

       I think the AR5 Box9.2 use of OLS analysis over the period 1998-2012 was poorly contrived. (For the record, the resulting SAT trend roughly doubles if you use 1999-2012, to +0.09ºC/decade, instead of  1975-1996.) What was poor was firstly comparison of 1998-2012 with 1951-2012. The start period should have been roughly 1975, the start of the recent strong AGW. Contrarians who exaggerate the significance of the "hiatus" would be surprised to hear that if you compare 1975-1996 with 1975-2012 you get almost identical trends. The reason for 1998-2012 being so different from the longer-term SAT trend is because the 1998-2012 SAT trend relies on one of those reality-busting steps as in the SKS Escalator. So a second criticism of AR5 Box9.2 is giving credance to the 1998-2012 reality-busting OLS analysis.

       

       Simply-put, anybody who (a) supports a "hiatus" 16-years long or (b) uses the "flatness" in surface temperature record to create a 16-year long "hiatus" by for instance saying "I predict we will see continuation of the ‘standstill’ in global average temperature for the next decade" (and good old Judy Curry manages both a & b) show they have departed from truthful analysis of AGW.

       I myself feel the way to take command of the "hiatus" is by setting its true length. This analysis of HadCRUT data (usually 2 clicks to 'download your attachment') finds it was just 32 months long. And a message that must always be included in "hiatus" talk - thoroughout these years, AGW did not show any signs of faltering as the Ocean Heat Content data surely demonstrates.

14635. Eclectic at 21:01 PM on 1 June 2018
       It hasn't warmed since 1998
       

       Guym @400 , [and my apologies for the long post]

       the "hiatus" still lives on — at least in the minds of the climate denialists.  (The less-educated denialists often refer to it as "the Pause" . . . and seem to wish to genuflect at its mention.)   Although the hiatus disappeared 4 years ago, many denialists feel that the recent record-hot years [2014/2015/2016/2017] are a transient aberration; and that within a very few years, planet Earth will return to another prolonged halt in warming (and thus all the scientists will conclusively be proven wrong).   And moreover, the Earth will probably cool down, back to its rightful & divinely ordained un-warmed condition.   That is their faith.   But they have zero mechanism to point to, which could produce such a change (they sometimes point to the future possibility of a Grand Solar Minimum . . . but they refuse to acknowledge that such an event, if it would occur at all, could only produce a feeble/ineffectual counter to the ongoing rapid warming caused by the Greenhouse Effect — an Effect which many denialists still refuse to believe CO2 has any place in).

       I am fairly sure I am not telling anything you aren't already aware of.

       Denialists will only look at planetary surface temperatures: and even there, they have an extreme preference for the satellite record of temperatures limited to to the upper troposphere, rather than the actual planetary surface temperatures down here at ground level.   They have a blind spot for other surface changes such as ice melting and sea levels rising — or at least, they will consider such changes only in isolation (and will quibble about those changes individually, rather than putting it all together in the big picture).

       Where denialists do pay attention to real surface conditions, they usually restrict their mental focus to the region around Latitude 40 North and Longitude 80 West.   Other regions receive attenuated or non-existent concern.

       Denialists mentally refuse to look at the ongoing continuous warming of the ocean, and they have a massive blind spot for the 90+% of global warming energy which goes into the ocean.   For them to acknowledge that fact, would mean acknowledging it is impossible for a genuine hiatus to exist (short of the Earth reaching thermal equilibrium as a new higher plateau of GH Effect).

       Consequently, they still agonize over the so-called Hiatus/Pause; they discuss it as though it never terminated, and they still put enormous effort into statistical analysis "proving" that the Hiatus was/is real.   They denounce the scientific view that there never was a real post-1998 hiatus . . . and they are still buoyed by the way that some real scientists were embarrassed (and insecure) enough to name a "hiatus" (as well devoting some discussion & research time to it.   Surely there can be no smoke without fire !!  Nor can there be any ocean warming, or even Greenhouse Effect !!  The existence of an unpredicted Hiatus must mean that the scientists' models from the 80's and 90's . . . are false & invalid.  Likewise all the rest of the Warmist/Alarmist blather & propaganda).

        

       Guym, for my sins (and for my entertainment) I sometimes look at the WhatsUpWithThat website.   The actual articles are a complete waste of time — being either crazy stuff, or semi-real stuff which has received ferocious "spin".   But in the comments column under each article, you find a 100 or so "comments".    95% of them, you should slide straight past — they are the usual deluded/toxic/extremist nonsense spouted by angry denialists who are using the WUWT site as an echo-chamber to bolster their strange/bizarre beliefs.   But there are a few gems.

       Keep your eye alert for (A) posts by Nick Stokes — a real scientist, with saintly patience, who infuriates the denialists by his cool corrections of their nonsense (they just can't win a trick against him)

       . . . and (B) a couple of denialists [I won't name them] who have enough science & math to produce umpteen paragraphs of equations & analyses — all of it ultimately fruitless in reality; yet they lack the insight to see that they are willing victims of severe Motivated Reasoning.  If they were sane, then they could achieve a considerable amount if they turned their talents to actual real science, I'm sure.  Ah, what a waste.   One of them asserts that the CO2 / Greenhouse Effect does not exist, and that "AGW" is truly just a result of long-cycle ocean oscillations.   Quite crazy.

       The other [and here I finally address the main point of your post] goes in for lengthy statistical analyses to demonstrate that the recent "hiatus" must have been genuine because he can find "no statistically significant" upward trend in (surface) temperature.   He does sometimes admit that there seems to be a very slight positive trend during the hiatus — but since it is statistically not significant in its difference from zero trend, then he concludes that there was no actual warming during that period (and therefore the scientific climate consensus is wrong in its entirety).

       Not only does he ignore the ongoing melting and sea level rise, but he seemingly cannot conceive that the real purpose of statistical analysis is to reflect reality, rather than conceal it.  He prefers to look at his figuring, rather than look at the reality of the physical processes affecting climate.

14636. nigelj at 18:48 PM on 1 June 2018
       Melting Arctic sends a message: Climate change is here in a big way
       

       Billev #6, Greenland has been farmed for centuries and still is now. 

       en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Greenland#Agriculture_and_forestry

       "We appear to be experiencing the same sort of climate change that humans have previously experienced;"

       Climate change is quite different now. Reconstructions show temperatures over the last decade are higher than during the medieval warm period and in fact higher than the last 10,000 years. The recent warming is driven primarily by greenhouse gases, solar activity has been falling slightly for the last 50 years, and the specific  way the earth is heating can only be explained by the greenhouse effect. 

       I think you know this, and this is why your comments are so lame. You obviously have no real enthusiasm for your own beliefs, and certainly have no evidence to back them up.

14637. billev at 16:50 PM on 1 June 2018
       Global warming made Hurricane Harvey more destructive
       

       One or more  areas of high pressure caused Hurricane Harvey to stall then track the way it did along the Texas coast.  High pressure areas are not a recent occurrence caused by global warming.

14638. billev at 16:39 PM on 1 June 2018
       Global warming made Hurricane Harvey more destructive
       

       Hurricane Harvey's forward progress stalled as it made landfall in Texas and it meandered along the coast toward Houston.  Thus its rainfall was concentrated in a relatively small area for an extended period and thus caused more severe flooding.

14639. billev at 16:16 PM on 1 June 2018
       Melting Arctic sends a message: Climate change is here in a big way
       

       Scientists have unearthed remnants  that indicate that the Vikings farmed on the Southern tip of Greenland for a few hundred years beginning in the latter part of the 1200's.  This is evidence that the Earth has warmed previously as claimed in current climate theory.  We appear to be experiencing the same sort of climate change that humans have previously experienced;  repeatedly experienced if the climatologists are correct in their theory. 

14640. guym at 13:38 PM on 1 June 2018
       It hasn't warmed since 1998
       

       I often find myself in discussions with contrarians about the supposed "hiatus" of AGW from 1998. I'm happy to have these discussions as it appears to me to be a dishonest statistical trick to claim the hiatus i.e. the random picking of 1998 as the starting point. If they pick any other year it doesn't seem like they can get the desired result, from their perspective. 

       One of the claims that is made is that the IPCC acknowledge that the hiatus occurred and they point to things like box 9.2 in the AR5 report that is titled "Climate Models and the Hiatus in Global Mean Surface Warming of the Past 15 Years". Although, again, I don't have an issue in what is written there, my question is, why do the IPCC reports refer to this period at all and why use the term hiatus when this doesn't really fit with what is said? It just seems strange that they should talk about a period starting with such an anomolous year. Is it just to address the hiatus claims?

14641. Johnboy at 08:29 AM on 1 June 2018
       Melting Arctic sends a message: Climate change is here in a big way
       

       A program I wish every American would watch was a 2-hour presentation on NOVA this spring, titled "Decoding the Weather Machine". From the origins of climate science 200 years ago through to today's science modeling and issues, potential future outcomes and very interesting information on adapting, mitigating and even prospering to avoid the suffering that will come with inaction.

       Found it encouraging that one of the Koch brothers, being a principle sponsor of NOVA, would not block this sort of programming. It's available now on Amazon video, for 3 bucks.

14642. nigelj at 06:36 AM on 1 June 2018
       Melting Arctic sends a message: Climate change is here in a big way
       

       The stories about climate change in Siberia are important, and there are important stories in other countries as well. Our local media don't report them, perhaps because they are unaware, or see them as local issues, but when they are put together they become very important.

       It's the sort of thing large media organisations like the Wall Street Journal could investigate as a totality, but the Wall Street journal  is biased and writes poor quality articles on climate issues. Here are a collection of reviews of the Wall Street climate change articles, and they are not flattering reviews. 

14643. SirCharles at 06:17 AM on 1 June 2018
       Melting Arctic sends a message: Climate change is here in a big way
       

       Study Finds 5,000 May Have Died From Hurricane Maria, Yet Cable News Covered Roseanne Instead

14644. Johnboy at 01:10 AM on 1 June 2018
       Melting Arctic sends a message: Climate change is here in a big way
       

       How do we get these kind of stories (and so many others) to the general public? Just read a Discover magazine article on the subject, including reports on hundreds of cracking and destableizing buildings in Siberia, crumbling roads, surfacing of Mammoth bones (people sell the tusks as substitutes for elephant ivory), reemergence of virus spores, etc., etc.

       This information  needs to be seen on the evening news and in national publications. The Wall Street Journal gave Dr. Singer a megaphone with his easily refutable science on sea level rise. More on the realities of climate change need that kind of coverage.

14645. Riduna at 15:35 PM on 31 May 2018
       Melting Arctic sends a message: Climate change is here in a big way
       ‘Melting Arctic send a message’ is the title – but the message is barely explored. Only in the penultimate paragraph do the threats posed by CH4/CO2 emissions and sea level rise get a cursory mention. Nowhere is there an attempt to quantify and state their effects or those of ever thinning sea ice and coastal erosion on the future of the Arctic and global warming. Well illustrated but otherwise not very informative.
14646. nigelj at 08:25 AM on 31 May 2018
       Trump administration refuses to consider that 97% of climate scientists could be right
       

       Regarding the  supposed 99.94% consensus study. The related article makes the claim that the public realise that sometimes eccentric dissenting voices in science turn out to be correct, so its important to have a "complete consensus" and they believe the climate change consensus is actually very close to complete at 99.94% (something it appears may or may not be the case)

       I suppose this is all true "in an ideal world". However with complex science  its unlikely to me that absolutely all scientists would agree, and you also get a few cranks. With contentious science you would get a few  people with hidden agendas and funding. The public probably realise this, and would if anything be suspicious if the consensus was actually 100%. It would look too much like a stitch up job.

       I think anything above 90% would be generally seen as a powerful consensus by the public, although nothing will persuade the hard core denialists. The important thing is to publicise the consensus studies to raise public awareness, regardless of the precise figure. We know its over 90% and the Cook study finding 97% is a rigorous and wide sort of study.

       Of course if it really is 99.4% great. Right now many people I know think scientific opinion on the climate issue is about equally divided 50 / 50, and that is the problem because it suggests considerable disagreement.

14647. BaerbelW at 06:51 AM on 31 May 2018
       Trump administration refuses to consider that 97% of climate scientists could be right
       

       Sir Charles @10

       The paper you link to is "just" a response to our teams's response to Powell's comment on Cook et al. 2013. As outlined in our paper (Skuce et al. 2017) - which Andy Skuce wrote about here - we don't agree with Powell's approach to determine the consensus. His final rejoinder doesn't change that.

14648. SirCharles at 06:00 AM on 31 May 2018
       Trump administration refuses to consider that 97% of climate scientists could be right
       

       Jim Powel's new peer-reviewed study puts the scientific consensus on human made global warming at 99.94%

       => The Consensus on Anthropogenic Global Warming Matters

14649. knaugle at 02:18 AM on 31 May 2018
       Trump administration refuses to consider that 97% of climate scientists could be right
       

       I might point out that the 97% seems to include several once active scientists on the 3% side who are now retired, or no longer with us.  It's not a case where any new information has emerged that would sway the majority to reconsider the minority argument.

14650. lucike at 22:34 PM on 30 May 2018
       Trump administration refuses to consider that 97% of climate scientists could be right
       

       The sad truth is that climate change is not about the science anymore. It is about politics.
       And this is how it should also be adressed by the people advocating to do things to stop it.

       Just pointing out the numbers or coming up with scientists is not enough, one needs to play the game that the "anti- camp" is playing.

       They do not care about the data or the 97% scientists that agree with the global warming issues. They see and take care of it as a political point.

       (and sadly this is the case with many other things as well)

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