Jones et al. (1999)
Also: Jones et al. 1999
Surface air temperature and its changes over the past 150 years
Jones, P. D., New, M., Parker, D. E., Martin, S. & Rigor, I. G. (1999). Surface air temperature and its changes over the past 150 years. Reviews of Geophysics. 37(2),173-199. PDF
https://doi.org/10.1029/1999rg900002
References
All IPCC definitions taken from Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Working Group I Contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Annex I, Glossary, pp. 941-954. Cambridge University Press.