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All IPCC definitions taken from Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Working Group I Contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Annex I, Glossary, pp. 941-954. Cambridge University Press.

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Comments 48151 to 48200:

  1. Philippe Chantreau at 11:43 AM on 28 February 2013
    Did Murdoch's The Australian Misrepresent IPCC Chair Pachauri on Global Warming?

    Signs are accumulating that point to an increasing likelihood of any exchange with Andy S to be a waste of time.

  2. Did Murdoch's The Australian Misrepresent IPCC Chair Pachauri on Global Warming?

    AndyS @46 - "does SkS accept that there has been no warming of land temps for the last 15 years or so?"

    Nope, that's not accurate.  The surface temp trend over the past 15 years is small, but still positive, even if starting in 1997/8 (which is a cherrypick due to the massive El Niño that year).

    "there is a difference between the statement "global warming has stopped" and "there has been no significant change in surface temperature anomaly".

    That's certainly true.

  3. Did Murdoch's The Australian Misrepresent IPCC Chair Pachauri on Global Warming?

    Leaving aside the ocean warming issue, does SkS accept that there has been no warming of land temps for the last 15 years or so?


    i.e there is a difference between the statement "global warming has stopped" and "there has been no significant change in surface temperature anomaly".

  4. Philippe Chantreau at 10:28 AM on 28 February 2013
    George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    There is a sizeable portion the conservative population that calls liberal media any outlet that publishes anything that is found threatening to an ideology with which there is an overwhelming emotional involvement. George Will demonstrates how that emotional involvement gets the better of one's judgement. A very clear example of this was given by the latest election.

    As results started to come in and forecast could be made more and more accurate, any source projecting a result that was emotionally unacceptable was subjected to some sort of attack, often personal and removed from the subject matter. Eventually an more emotionally pleasing reality was substituted to the threatening one, and it was kept up by all possible means until denial became competely impossible to keep up.

    The same behavior is observed toward AGW or anything that threatens the ideology. In the case of AGW, denial is rendered easier and deeper by the slow pace, the relatively subtle changes and the solid scientific litteracy necessary to understand the subject, litteracy that lacks in a large portion of the general population. I predict that, even when summer Arctic sea ice will have become a thing of the past, there will still be plenty of denial to go around.

    George Will or Kevin's behaviors are predictable and understandable: they are defense mechanisms. 

  5. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    pelewis @17, unless Will's point that you should not base policy on minority views in science; but only on a solid concensus, your claim is simply false.  Of course, if that was his point, as a firm concensus is in favour of sequestration, Will's article is self refuting.

  6. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    pelewis...  Your statement makes no sense without anything to back up your conclusion.

  7. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    I'd say this article does a pretty good, although unintentional, job of supporting Will's statements. But then it is normal for Global Warming enthusiasts to intrepret contrary evidence as supporting evidence.

  8. Conspiracy Theorists Respond to Evidence They're Conspiracy Theorists With More Conspiracy Theories

    If you are suggesting that this is a tit-fot-tat hacking exercise, you are posting on the correct thread for you. 

    It's conspiracies, like turtles, all the way down.

  9. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    Kevin - I'm afraid you're just reinforcing Tom Curtis's observations. Will is portraying 'mainstream' climate science in the 1970's as having been in error, as a necessary antecedent for his assertion that mainstream science is wrong now. 

    You are the one who referred to the 'liberal media' and to liberals, not Will. That assertion of a biased media would in fact undermine Wills argument - it's entirely opposite to his claim. 

    As it stands:

    • Wills argument was wrong the first time he made it (as his quotes are not science papers, represented minority views, and include previous/current climate denialists)
    • It's wrong now (nothing has changed in his references, and he's been shown repeatedly to be incorrect)
    • You have with your introduction of the phrase "liberal media" indicated your position and outlook (an outlook not commonly open to persuasion or to facts).
  10. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    Kevin @14, Science Magazine, which dates back to 1880, is one of the top two general science journals in the world.

  11. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    The New York Times

    Science Magazine

    International Wildlife

    Science Digest

    Christian Science Monitor

    Newsweek.

     

    These are not you typical locations to see peer reviewed science papers.  The article was written to demonstrate Will's belief that the President and liberals were/are participating in hysteria mongerring. 

    Those quotes about climotologists are agreed etc were the titles of the articles, not his opinions.

    I did not misrepresent Will's argument.

  12. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    Kevin's comment @5 is probably more revealing than he would like.  What George will wrote was:

    'Remember when “a major cooling of the climate” was “widely considered inevitable” (New York Times, May 21, 1975) with “extensive Northern Hemisphere glaciation” (Science magazine, Dec. 10, 1976) which must “stand alongside nuclear war as a likely source of wholesale death and misery” (International Wildlife, July 1975)? Remember reports that “the world’s climatologists are agreed” that we must “prepare for the next ice age” (Science Digest, February 1973)? Armadillos were leaving Nebraska, heading south, and heat-loving snails were scampering southward from European forests (Christian Science Monitor, Aug. 27, 1974). Newsweek (April 28, 1975) said meteorologists were “almost unanimous” that cooling would “reduce agricultural productivity.” '

    Note the lack of mention of the term "liberal media".  Therefore it is Kevin, not George Will who has classified Science as part of the "liberal media".  Presumably Nature, PNAS, etc are also "liberal media" in his eyes.

    While on the subject of Science Magazine, the discussion of "Future Climate" in the paper Will cites (all two paragraphs of it) indicates that in the absence of anthropogenic factors, "... the long term trend over the next 20,000 years is toward extensive Northern Hemisphere glaciation and a cooler climate".  (My emphasis)  What scaremongering.  Suggesting that in the absence of anthropogenic factors we may face future glaciation sometime in the next 20,000 years. (/sarc)

    In fact, in defending Wills, Kevin completely misrepresents his argument.  Wills is at pains to suggest that there was a concensus of scientists believing in global cooling in the 1970s, hence the quotation of comments such as "the world's climatologists are agreed" and 'meteorologists were “almost unanimous” ' .  That suggestion is necessary to his argument because there is undoubtedly a concennsus now that human emissions are causing global warming.  By restricting the claim to "liberal media" Kevin undermines its logical force (even if he makes it more accurate).

    As a final note, the most breathless quote reported by Wills is from International Wildlife, saying that global cooling must "stand alongside nuclear war as a likely source of wholesale death and misery".  That quote is from Nigel Calder, co-author with Svenmark of "The Chilling Stars".  So the irony is that while Will can ony suggest the scare mongering of scientists by misrepresentation, he provides evidence that one of the denier's own darlings is a poor analyst of climate data, and not to be trusted.


  13. Conspiracy Theorists Respond to Evidence They're Conspiracy Theorists With More Conspiracy Theories

    Not to add to the conspiracy theories, but incidentally it looked like Dr Spencer's blog just got hacked/taken down. These silly back and forth games on the internet aren't helping anyone.

  14. Conspiracy Theorists Respond to Evidence They're Conspiracy Theorists With More Conspiracy Theories

    Granted that most conspiracy theories are nutty and the proponents nuttier still but that doesn't mean that there are no conspiracies.  People in power are always trying to gain an advantage by whatever means they can and if sufficiently insullated by their position, get a strong feeling of entitlement.  Madof and his ponsie scheme was an example and price fixing between two ostensibly competing super market chains another.  If there were no conspiracies, we wouldn't need much of our law to make these activities illegal and wouldn't need fraud squads in the police to catch them.  Best not to go to the other extreme and dismiss conspiracy theories out of hand.  All we can do is consider each one based on the weight of evidence and be ready to change our minds if different evidence comes to light.  The police criteria is not a bad start.  Was there motivation and oportunity. Healthy scepticism is what differentiates a scientist from a priest.

  15. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    George Will is one pundit who, in service to his deeply-held conservative beliefs, will twist almost everything he says.  Some part of his mind knows he's repeating a lie, but another part overrules it because it provides much-needed 'confirmation bias' for his readers.  In the particular battle for ideas Will and others are engaged in, in America, the truthfulness of those ideas is no longer important.  Their 'truthiness' IS.

  16. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post
    Dana, John - Check figure 1 caption against the year 1971 in that year. I think the caption wants some correction? as that ONE year of that decade when it isn't. Needn't leave this comment up but you really want to make the caption exactly match the graph.
  17. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    Kevin@5 - I suppose you can assume Will is not promoting the idea that the media's distortion of what scientists "really thought" as indicated in the survey of peer reviewed papers in Figure 1, and instead say he is simply saying the "liberal media" got it wrong about an imminent ice age and are wrong now about the impact of the sequester. But that was his point, it would have been easy for him to simply add a sentence clarifying that the "liberal media" was wrong in the 1970's because they were misinterpreting or misrepresenting the then-current state of the science.  But he didn't - and the likely reason is because he doesn't respect the now-current state of scientific understanding. Which is why Will himself is acting just like the "liberal media" did regarding ice age stories in the 70's.

  18. Philippe Chantreau at 04:42 AM on 28 February 2013
    George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    What Will cites is quite irrelevant. He's pushing the "scientists predicted cooling on the 70's" thing, which is a fat pile of BS. Anyone who actually has looked into it knows it's BS. Will knows it's BS.If he doesn't by now, he has likely gone somewhat senile. It is rather sad that the W.P. is compromising itself with such nonsense. 

  19. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    What Magma said, Hayduke.  We now know with high confidence that orbital forcing is no match for anthro forcing.  See Tzedakis et al. (2012).

  20. Conspiracy Theorists Respond to Evidence They're Conspiracy Theorists With More Conspiracy Theories

    Many of the comments to the HuffPost article demonstrate further recursion. It's turtles all the way down.

  21. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    Kevin @5 - if you want to compare apples to apples, then Will should have listened to climate scientists in the 1970s, and he should be listenting to economists about the effects of the sequester today (which he is not doing, but that's off-topic).

  22. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    Hayduke @2 - again, it sounds like you're referring to very long-term climate changes, not imminent ones.

    Magma @3 - good point.

  23. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    I believe we may have an apples and oranges thing here. 

    Will did not claim anything as far as peer reviewed papers goes.  He just listed several stories in the media.  To refute his anology with a chart of peer reviewed papers is not accurate.  He doesn't even make the claim that these articles that he is citing are the majority of the articles written on the subject, or that they are even written by scientists - in fact, he is implying that they were written by the "liberal media".

  24. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    I'm surprised that Will would head back into this territory.  Several of his recent climate-myth laced opinion pieces have resulted in the Post publishing rebuttals from scientists.  I think one even generated an article by the paper's ombudsman.  I guess he feels safer in the 1970's.  He has become a laughingstock inside the DC area with recent opinion pieces on the evils of blue jeans and criticism of an elementary schools' student government elections.  I think the single biggest reason he still gets published is because his peers have gotten even worse with the facts.

  25. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    The final paragraph of the 1976 Hays, Imbrie and Shackleton Science paper seems clear enough (emphasis added):

    7) A model of future climate based on the observed orbital-climate relationships, but ignoring anthropogenic effects, predicts that the long-term trend over the next several thousand years is toward extensive Northern Hemisphere glaciation.

    But perhaps Will hasn't had a chance to read it yet.

  26. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    The 1970s global cooling concern was engendered by a 1972 conference at Brown University called "The present interglacial: how and when will it end?"  (Quaternary Research, November 1972). George Kukla and Robert Matthews, who organized the meeting, wrote to President Nixon about the need to study climatic change that might signal the onset of renewed glaciation.  Concern for global cooling was very real and well documented.

  27. The BEST Kind of Skepticism

    KR @111 - that analysis was most recently updated with Wigley and Santer (2012) here, and will be updated with another new attribution study in a post probably next week.

  28. George Will - Still Recycling Classic Climate Change Myths for The Washington Post

    Dana: Kudos on an excellent post.

    For those who may not be aware, George Will's columns are routinely re-published in numerous newspapers throughout the U.S. This is why it is so important for authors like Dana to rebute the poppycock about climate science and climate scientists that he frequently spreads.  

  29. The BEST Kind of Skepticism

    dvaytw - You might also look at the excellent summary dana1981 posted in A Comprehensive Review of the Causes of Global Warming, discussing eight or nine different studies of the causes of climate change.

    The average attribution of warming to human causes is >100%, as without anthropogenic influences the climate should have cooled. Human driven warming has both counteracted natural cooling and added considerable warming over the last 150 years or so. 

  30. Did Murdoch's The Australian Misrepresent IPCC Chair Pachauri on Global Warming?

    Hello Desertphile @44,

    If I recall correctly, according to the US National Acadamy of Sciences it is correct to refer to the "theory of AGW".  But this discussion is now straying off topic.

  31. The BEST Kind of Skepticism

    KR thanks!  What an answer!  I've been arguing the same-old same-old with "skeptics" on a podunk expat forum in Taiwan, and wow did you ever just help me slam dunk that debate!  I already had the guy on the tip of a spear, and with your post, I just drove it right through his chest (lol), as he made this question central to his alleged "skepticism". 

    Very sorry if this is off-topic, but in case anyone's interested in seeing the debate, please have a look here:

    British Met Service buries new climate-change analysis showing no warming trend - p. 17 



     

  32. Conspiracy Theorists Respond to Evidence They're Conspiracy Theorists With More Conspiracy Theories

    Composer99@ 6: "see for example the research of Robert Altemeyer"

    FYI, Altemeyer's summary of his career of research is readily available as a free download (one large file, plus a couple of smaller updates) at his web site The Authoritarians.

    Chris Mooney also covers a lot of this sort of material. His two books The Republican War on Science and The Republican Brain make for good reading. He discusses Altemeyer's work in the second book (amongst much other research in social psychology). You'll have to buy or borrow (e.g., at a "library") the books.

  33. Conspiracy Theorists Respond to Evidence They're Conspiracy Theorists With More Conspiracy Theories

    Further to Kevin C's point on the ideological independence of conspiracist ideation, I suspect conspiracist ideation tends to be more prevalent in people with more strongly authoritarian personalities, rather than being tied of necessity to specific ideological commitments.

    (In the US and most other English-speaking countries, it so happens that the majority of people with stronger authoritarian personalities tend to be clustered in what would be characterised as politically "right-wing" aggregates.)

    Based on the characteristics of authoritarian behaviour (see for example the research of Robert Altemeyer), as far as I can see people with stronger authoritarian personalities would be more likely than others to resort to unwarranted conspiracist ideation. In particular, strong levels of in-group/out-group identification (with resulting hostility to out-groups), higher levels of fearfulness regarding the world, and dogmaticism as the last-ditch defence of untenable convictions, strike me as the sorts of traits

    (I say unwarranted because, as Kevin C notes regarding Oreskes' work, and as we have seen from history, sometimes people do engage in conspiracies. I personally do not see these as being carefully organized - tobacco or fossil fuel conglomerates do not need to deliberately collude to organize misinformation campaigns; they could easily converge on such activities by virtue of independent or copycat action - or requiring nefarious intent, even if people recognize that their methods are questionable and so work to conceal them to a greater or lesser extent.)

    (I also say stronger authoritarian personalities because as far as I am aware everyone is in possession of some, most, or all authoritarian traits to some degree.)

  34. Did Murdoch's The Australian Misrepresent IPCC Chair Pachauri on Global Warming?

    Why was one of my comments removed? I stated a fact: there is no such thing as "AGW theory." There is the theory of physics, which explains human-caused climate change.

     

    Meanwhile: "There appears to be a lot of use of the word 'denier' on this thread which indicates to me a lack of interest in science and a politically biased world view"

     

    1) If a Denialist objects to the word "denier," the Denialist can suggest a better, or different, word to use for her or his behavior: is there a better one? The mental health care profession, when discussing the rejection of the evidence for human-caused climate change, uses the words "denier" and "denialism" and "denialist."

     

    2) Science is supposed to be biased: science that is not biased is not science.

  35. How big is the “carbon fertilization effect”?

    thanks for the comments

    angliss @1: the Wang paper you mention was not cited, however, the authors are well aware of nutrient limitations and have emphasized that their model does not account for them. Future work is supposed to take this additional step.

    keenon350 @4: check out http://aspenface.mtu.edu/ ; ozone is indeed a major culprit, and we tend to underestimate its impact because we are not aware of how much more NPP we could actually get with low to very ozone abundances (<10 ppb), because those do not exist any more in the real world (background now typically is already >30 ppb).

    chriskoz @6: numbers in caption fixed. In the paper they actually calculated a lower than contemporary NPP for pre-industrial [CO2], which they attributed "in part" to the lower [CO2]. But to address your question: I would not call the science on this "controversial", but rather "complex". At a particular study site where in-depth research allows studying local carbon cycling as a function of local climate, nutrient availability, and other factors, one may tease out a CO2-fertilization effect, and FACE projects were designed to particularly address the CO2 effect. But in a global model where local conditions are blended by averaging over time, space, and ecosystem type, I think one cannot hope to resolve the numerous drivers such that an accurate picture emerges everywhere. You may get it right for a mature boreal forest but not the African savanna or vice versa. However, the models are of course informed by results from the flux network and other measurements, so they will become more accurate over time, also because more ecosystem flux measurements are now in place in a larger variety of ecosystems than 10-20 years ago. Nevertheless, the models are mostly for guidance of what to expect under different scenarios.

  36. Did Murdoch's The Australian Misrepresent IPCC Chair Pachauri on Global Warming?

    Tom Curtis @38
    The GWPF's self-porclaimed position is more contradictory than simply its choice of name.
    The GWPF tells us its "main focus is to analyse global warming policies and their economic and other implications" but most of their output is about the science, or their version of it. This is an even stranger situation for the GWPF because they make great play of not having "an official or shared view about the science of global warming. On climate science, our members and supporters cover a broad range of different views, from the IPCC position through agnosticism to outright scepticism."
    This does not stop them bashing out ad nauseam the denialist non-scientific line with, for instance, their present 'headline' story "Lord Lawson Calls On Sir Paul Nurse To Acknowledge Global Temperature Standstill. In a letter to the President of the Royal Society, Lord Lawson has criticised Sir Paul Nurse for denying the reality of a global temperature standstill."
    In his "call" as Chairman of the GWPF Lawson directly accuses Nurse of lying because "there has been no further recorded global warming at all for at least the past 15 years, as even the IPCC Chairman, Dr Pachauri, has now conceded.  Whatever the precise reason for this, it cannot simply be dismissed or denied." So here we have a denier denying he is in denial, indeed accusing another of being in denial - this on a subject of science which his organisation has supposedly no official or shared view.

    there has been no further recorded global warming at all for at least the past 15 years, as even the IPCC Chairman, Dr Pachauri, has now conceded.  Whatever the precise reason for this, it cannot simply be dismissed or denied. - See more at: http://www.thegwpf.org/lord-lawsons-letter-sir-paul-nurse/#sthash.m6tA4kBV.dpuf
  37. Conspiracy Theorists Respond to Evidence They're Conspiracy Theorists With More Conspiracy Theories

    The new paper is based on one very important point that I completely failed to grasp on my first reading of the paper.

    It is completely unsurprising that many climate contrarians reacted with anger to the original ideation paper - and as a result that reaction provides no evidence of anything. The key point is that the anger reaction was expressed by constructing new conspiracy theories. That provides additional data which tends to support the original hypothesis.

    The new data is not without it's problems - there is no control test in this case. Steve Mosher correctly suggests that as a control we would compare the reactions of the consensus community to an attack, although calibrating the results would be problematic. I am doubtful of an exclusive link between conservative ideologies and conspiracy ideation - I gave up reading the liberal newsroll 'Common Dreams' after finding too many stories which sounded like conspiracy theories and did not survive fact checking.

    Oreskes' work is the outlier here. It is a conspiracy theory, but one which so far appears not to be born out of consipracy ideation and which survives fact-checking. Of course that does not mean that people of a liberal mindset cannot build it into their own conspiracy ideation. The issue has to be broken down into three separate questions:

    1. Does the conspiracy theory survive a skeptical analysis of the evidence? (Roughly, is it true?)

    2. Was the conspiracy theory born out of conspiracy-ideated thought processes?

    3. Does the conspiracy theory continue to propogate through conspiracy-ideated thought processes?

    These questions can have any combination of answers. My guess for Oreskes is that the answers would be yes, no, it varies. (Note: first answer corrected)

  38. How big is the “carbon fertilization effect”?

    Chriskoz - it's still a controversial topic. Clearly land-based plants (mostly trees) are drawing down a sizeable chunk of human CO2 emissions, but is this due to forest re-growth in the tropics, former Soviet Union countries, and China, or is this the fabled fertilization effect?  

  39. How big is the “carbon fertilization effect”?

    In Figure 1 caotion, you said:

    1 kg m−2 yr−1 is equal to 1 metric tons (t) ha-1 yr-1

    I think this is a typo: ha = 10 000m2, therefore it should be 10 000kg or 10 metric tons.

    To put the fertilisation effect in a proper context, it would be interesting to know how much of the increased fertilisation effect calculated by this study is currently happening with 40% CO2 increase since preindustrial. We know the fraction of anthropogenic C imbalance uptaken by ocean invasion and by the NH terestrial biosphere (from emissions - Mauna Loa measures and the isotopic footprint of C fluxes), so I think the direct comparison of the existing perturbation of AT carbon cycle and the carbon cycle predicted by this study is possible. Does anyone know of such comparison and can cite some numbers?

  40. Conspiracy Theorists Respond to Evidence They're Conspiracy Theorists With More Conspiracy Theories

    Look how long this post has been up and no conspiracy theorists have yet come here to argue. Clearly, the suggestion that climate science deniers tend also to be conspiracy theorists is invalidated by the lack of conspiratorial theorising on this thread: QED. I think there is a conspiracy, amongst conspiracy theorists, to confuse the climate change debate by not exposing conspiracies that they know must exist. Oh, no! Now I've exposed a conspiracy theory, thereby negating their attempt to hush it up! Where are my tin-foil underpants?

  41. Conspiracy Theorists Respond to Evidence They're Conspiracy Theorists With More Conspiracy Theories

    'nonsense' sorry

  42. Conspiracy Theorists Respond to Evidence They're Conspiracy Theorists With More Conspiracy Theories

    good article John.

    lately my conversations with denialists have been following this pattern...

    1. them showing me 'science' to support their view,

    2. me explaining the peer reviewed process and the concept of cherry picking; and then telling them to go back and look at the science again.

    3. them defending a conspiracy theory regarding the IPCC and/or the peer reviewed process.

    4. me saying thats nosense, and being met with silence or more conspiracy theories

  43. Conspiracy Theorists Respond to Evidence They're Conspiracy Theorists With More Conspiracy Theories

    Nicely done John.  Great to see this in HuffPost!

    You and Stephan can officially add Roger Pielke Jnr to your list of conspiracy theorists.

  44. Did Murdoch's The Australian Misrepresent IPCC Chair Pachauri on Global Warming?

    Ok, I understand the policy. Nuff said

  45. Did Murdoch's The Australian Misrepresent IPCC Chair Pachauri on Global Warming?

    Which offensive comment? By the way, I did get banned from Hot Topic (-snip-).

    Moderator Response:

    [JH]Please note that posting comments here at SkS is a privilege, not a right. This privilege can be rescinded if the posting individual treats adherence to the Comments Policy as optional, rather than the mandatory condition of participating in this online forum.

    Please take the time to review the policy and ensure future comments are in full compliance with it. Thanks for your understanding and compliance in this matter.

    [DB] Off-topic snipped.

  46. Did Murdoch's The Australian Misrepresent IPCC Chair Pachauri on Global Warming?

    In a randomly varying system, we expect that after an outlier, the graph will revert toward the mean.  We would expect, for instance, that in 2013, there will be more ice cover on Sept15 than in 2012.  If each year the system goes further and further in one direction, it becomes clearer and clearer that something is pushing it.  The ice extent this year and next should (but probably won't) shut down the sceptics.  I get the sense that the 2012 ice extent, sandy and the present drought in America is causing a paradigm shift amonst a lot of deniers.

  47. How big is the “carbon fertilization effect”?

    Two points worth remembering are that plants have evolved: 1. In conditions of climate stability and 2. at locations best suited to their survival.

    Increased CO2 concentration promotes plant growth but it also promotes climate change characterized by extreme heat, drought and precipitation events which plants, particularly food crops, can not handle.  Further, the frequency of those events is expected to increase with regional warming, making the best locations for plant growth at present unsuitable for their growth in the future.  Food production is particularly vulnerable to a warmer more volatile climate because increased heat diminishes crop yield. 

    There is a tendency among some commentators to overlook the fact that elevated CO2 promotes both crop and weed growth and that the latter competes with crop plants for limited water and soil nutrients, both of which are impacted by rising temperature.

    It is easy to assert that “we can adapt” to changing climate conditions by developing heat tolerant food crop varieties but quite another thing achieving it.  New varieties must also be able to produce increased yield while using less nutrients to do so and be able to simultaneously tolerate drought, higher rainfall and increased resistance to insects.  Bit of a tall order!

  48. Did Murdoch's The Australian Misrepresent IPCC Chair Pachauri on Global Warming?

    Andy S - not to be confused with SkS's own - is a serial who has recently been finally blocked entirely from Hot Topic, which he had haunted for some time with his abusive ramblings, having been granted far more tolerance than he deserves.

    (-snip-).

    This gives a good idea of what to expect. He regularly refers to us all as 'Eco-Nazis'. I'd suggest that his blocking from this site is inevitable.

    Moderator Response:

    [JH] I deleted Andy S's offensive comment.

    [DB] References to deleted comments and inflammatory snipped.

  49. How big is the “carbon fertilization effect”?

    Truly, "atmospheric CO2 is not the only factor affecting photosynthesis and plant growth".

    We know that the increasing CO2 is coming from burning fossil fuels. Another consequence of burning either fossil fuels or biofuels is the increase of NOx and Ozone in the troposphere - which has really serious impacts on all growing plants, from smallest to largest.

    I don't think this study means much at all. The stuff that is supposed to be getting greener - is also going to be getting deader!

    .

  50. Sheffield vs. Dai on Drought Changes

    Another link, "Modelling predicts that heat stress, not drought, will increase vulnerability of wheat in Europe"

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