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KR at 08:35 AM on 4 April 20112nd law of thermodynamics contradicts greenhouse theory
A tiny Excel exercise for L.J.Ryan and others: Create a new spreadsheet. Enter the values below: A1: 1.0 A2: A1-0.01 Copy A2, paste from A3 to A50. B1: =(240/(A1 * 5.6704*10^-8 ))^0.25- 273.15 Copy B1, paste from B2 to B50. Explanation: With 240 W/m^2 (fixed) radiated as power, and varying emissivities, what gray body temperature (in degrees C) is required to radiate that 240 W/m^2, using the Stefan-Boltzmann relationship? An emissivity of 1.0 represents a perfect black-body, 0.98 represents the Earth's surface with no GHE, and an emissivity of 0.61 is quite interesting. -
cbrock at 07:44 AM on 4 April 2011Soot and global warming
mspelto- I think the primary mechanism of depositing soot onto the Himalayan glaciers is snowfall, known as "wet deposition". This is in contrast to "dry deposition", which is particles impacting the surface and sticking. Wet deposition is a very efficient process, as ice crystals may form on soot particles, and falling snow can also capture soot on the way down. Thus the main "accumulation zones" are probably also where most of the soot is found. During a thaw cycle, the top layer of snow melts and the water runs down into the snowpack, leaving the soot behind. The accumulated result of many such cycles can be an increased concentration of soot at the top of the snowpack--it can get concentrated there. So I wouldn't expect the main effect of the soot to be limited to the terminus of the glacier. The important thing about soot in snow is that it doesn't directly absorb a lot of sunlight and melt the whole snow surface. Instead, it changes the local snow grain in which it is embedded, causing the grain to partially melt and form a larger, rounder grain when it refreezes. These larger grains absorb more energy than the fluffy snow, and they also allow sunlight to penetrate more deeply into the snowpack. It is these feedbacks of snow grain morphology that cause the bulk of the warming impact of the soot. Complicated stuff, and not very well understood. Soot is only one of many causes of snow metamorphosis. BP- Concentrations of soot in the Arctic atmosphere have declined quite a bit since the breakup of the USSR, although they seem to have leveled off and may be slightly increasing now due to Chinese emissions. Most soot in the Arctic snow seems to come from forest and agricultural burning, anyway. It is a big stretch to attribute the dramatic Arctic sea-ice decline in recent years to Chinese soot emissions--it is probably a minor player given the big changes in air and ocean temperature that have occurred in the last 40 years. It's also interesting to see you pointing to one of Hansen's GISS models to support one of your points. I presume then that you accept the general findings from that group's other climate simulations? -
Stu at 07:40 AM on 4 April 20112nd law of thermodynamics contradicts greenhouse theory
Fred Is the atmosphere being actively compressed by gravity? Is it more dense here at the surface than it was yesterday? The answer, of course, is no. Therefore no work is being done. Indeed, we can experience this in everyday life. Pump up your bicyle tyres quickly to 60psi. You've done work on them and they've gotten hotter due to compression. Leave the bike alone for a bit and come back later. The tyres are now at the ambient temperature. How did that happen? They're still at 60psi (the force analagous to gravity here is the tension of the inner tube) but the fact that they're at significantly higher pressure than their surroundings doesn't make them hotter*. Gravity, like the tension of an inner tube, is no substitute for thermodynamics. *PS I had one 'sceptic' argue back that when you cycle around the tires get hot. Apparently not familiar with friction! -
muoncounter at 04:48 AM on 4 April 2011Soot and global warming
kdkd#17: "Grab a range of different data sets ... " Here's one. What a correlation! By BP's logic, "reduced summer ice cover in the Arctic is clearly caused by ... " atmospheric CO2.
Time series of annual arctic sea-ice extent and atmospheric concentrations of CO2 for 1900-2007. Sea-ice observations are from the Walsh and Chapman dataset 1900-78, merged with sea-ice concentration retrieved from satellite passive-microwave data (1979-2007) using the NORSEX algorithm, with ice extent updated to 2007. The CO2 scale is inverted.
-- from The Nansen Group, Responding to Climate Change 2010
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Berényi Péter at 04:14 AM on 4 April 2011Soot and global warming
#17 kdkd at 21:36 PM on 3 April, 2011 I'm going to go out on a limb and conclude that there's a 95% chance or greater that your causal explanation is only a very very small part of the story. While on that limb, please read the peer reviewed literature, then come down safely. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 110, D04204, 2005 doi:10.1029/2004JD005296 Distant origins of Arctic black carbon: A Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE experiment Dorothy Koch and James Hansen "The (former) Soviet Union (FSU) was implicated as a major source of Arctic haze in many studies. Novakov et al. [2003] found that black carbon emissions from the FSU in the late 1990s was less than 1/4 their peak levels of 1980. European emissions are also about 1/3 their levels in the 1970s. However China and India have doubled their BC emissions since the late 1970s. Thus BC emissions are more heavily weighted toward south Asia than they were in the 1970s and 1980s, when many of the Arctic haze studies took place." -
Philippe Chantreau at 04:04 AM on 4 April 20112nd law of thermodynamics contradicts greenhouse theory
Fred Staples, "Please don’t expect anything conclusive." Fear not. -
Philippe Chantreau at 03:54 AM on 4 April 20112nd law of thermodynamics contradicts greenhouse theory
LJR, your shouting is not impressive. As for this question " have confidence radiative forcing will work?" Answer is yes. Muoncounter above summarizes well some of your confusion. You should look again at Pr Jin-Yi Yu's lecture. This statement:"So if I have got it wrong so does he" does not follow from logic at all. -
Fred Staples at 03:45 AM on 4 April 20112nd law of thermodynamics contradicts greenhouse theory
I am sorry not to have responded before this, damorbel (872). Sadly, in the interval, we seem to have left basic thermodynamics (and G and T) behind. Heat is not what is measured by temperature. Internal energy is what is measured by temperature. Before internal energy can do anything (create work or raise temperature elsewhere) it must be transferred from a higher to a lower temperature, from a source to a sink. It will then become heat, which is the net transfer of energy, and the work it generates, or the warming it produces, will conform to the second law. That is why we must use the net transfer of energy to the atmosphere, e 873, from the surface, and not the back transfer (the negative term in Stefan Bolzmann) to calculate any possible GHG effects. From the source, surface, to the sink, atmosphere, most of the energy transfer is via conduction, convection and evaporation. From the source, atmosphere, to the final sink, space, all the transfer is radiative. However, the first and second laws are not concerned with transfer mechanisms. The final outgoing energy, atmosphere to space, must balance the incoming solar energy (first law). If we make the simplifying assumption of an effective emission level in the atmosphere, this fixes the outgoing radiative temperature (at 255K as it happens). Anything which increased that temperature would increase outgoing radiation, and the atmosphere would cool down. Anything which reduced that temperature would have the opposite effect. So why is the surface temperature about 33 degrees C higher? Because of the lapse rate. As damorbel has pointed out, gravity compresses the atmosphere and the work done in the compression warms it up. This has nothing to with radiative effects. It is a function of gravity and specific heat (page 45 of Elementary Climate Physics by Taylor), and is about 6K per kilometre of altitude. So, we if we can accept: 1) that there is sufficient water vapour in the atmosphere to absorb all, or nearly all, of the net outgoing energy, and 2) the effective radiative temperature of the atmosphere to space is 255K at an effective altitude of about 5 kilometres, there is no need to pursue greenhouse theory into the realms of quantum electrodynamics. G and T are right, and the simplistic “back-radiation” theories of AGW are wrong. However, there is one more explanation that is more difficult to refute: the “higher is colder” theory which suggests that increased absorption in the atmosphere will raise the effective radiative altitude to a higher and colder level via the lapse rate. This will reduce outgoing radiation, and the atmosphere and surface will warm to compensate. Effectively, the lapse rate will shift to the right. Does the evidence support this theory? The radio-sonde and satellite data should show this effect over the past 40 years when CO2 has been increasing relatively rapidly. I will down-load the data to try to find out. Please don’t expect anything conclusive.Moderator Response: Not gravity again :( See, among other rebuttals, Tamino's little gem, the detailed response (be sure to read the comments, too) by Chris Colose, and the lengthier series of posts on Science of Doom. If that's not enough, start searching the intertubes for "Steven Goddard Venus." -
muoncounter at 03:14 AM on 4 April 20112nd law of thermodynamics contradicts greenhouse theory
LJR is banging the table based on his notion that 'the blackbody temp at a given flux represents the maximum temperature.' Putting this unsubstantiated phrase into the google machine, there are no occurrences of it other than in these SkS comments. There don't even appear to be any denier blogs sourcing this sentence. However, there are multiple occurrences of statements which say, in essence, 'the wavelength of maximum flux represents (in this case via an inverse proportion) the blackbody temperature.' Are we simply witnessing a case of reversed word order? If so, this is truly much ado about nothing. -
Albatross at 02:40 AM on 4 April 2011Arctic Ice March 2011
Perhaps the "distracting and confusing people with gibberish" portion of the audience could take their 'argument' to the Flanner thread. And a kind reminder to those having difficulty with comprehension is that the title of this thread is: "Arctic Ice March 2011" And yes, having to perpetually deal with those who choose to dissemble and disinform is getting tiresome and annoying as it detracts from the science and the important issues at hand that should not be ignored (as some want readers to do)-- so I make no apologies for my terse and condescending tone towards those who seek to dissemble and disinform on the science. -
Albatross at 02:30 AM on 4 April 2011Arctic Ice March 2011
Wow, the contrarians sure are trying hard to derail this thread and ignore the canary in the coal mine that is the dramatic loss of summer Arctic sea ice (and land ice)-- paying attention to that is in fact placing things in perspective (see quote below). The obfuscation here by contrarians and wanna-be skeptics smacks of pure desperation. As for control knobs of global temperatures--on an annual scale-- it is the mid and high latitude continents that are the a major control knob, as evidenced by the peak in global temperatures observed during the summer months that is clearly visible in the lower troposphere satellite data. It is for this reason that Dr. Meier from the NSIDC (National Snow and Ice Data Center in the USA) is on record saying that "Arctic sea ice functions like an air conditioner for the global climate system by naturally cooling air and water masses, playing a key role in ocean circulation and reflecting solar radiation back into space". Now who to take seriously? Contrarian, D-K type posters on an internet blog or the NSIDC? The NSIDC of course. Intriguing how the loss of the "air conditioner" does not concern some-- how incredibly myopic. CBDunkerson @75 is right, the Antarctic is losing ice mass, and at an accelerated rate too if I recall correctly. -
Phil at 02:26 AM on 4 April 20112nd law of thermodynamics contradicts greenhouse theory
- 240 W/m^2 enters the climate at TOA (boundary condition), including all SW albedo effects. The appropriate satisfaction of that boundary condition is that 240 W/m^2 leave the TOA. However, you make the (false) assumption that this power level is a boundary condition on the surface. That boundary condition misapplication is a huge error, and leads you in the wrong directions, and to ridiculous results. Surely this assumption that LJR makes is equivalent to assuming that there >is no Greenhouse effect. In other words LJR's argument is circular: he's assuming what he's trying to prove. -
KR at 01:27 AM on 4 April 20112nd law of thermodynamics contradicts greenhouse theory
L.J. Ryan - The most important issues I see with your postings are: - Absorptivity/albedo vary with wavelength; your initial problem statement did not incorporate that. - 240 W/m^2 enters the climate at TOA (boundary condition), including all SW albedo effects. The appropriate satisfaction of that boundary condition is that 240 W/m^2 leave the TOA. However, you make the (false) assumption that this power level is a boundary condition on the surface. That boundary condition misapplication is a huge error, and leads you in the wrong directions, and to ridiculous results. As stated before, given a known amount of outgoing radiation, the black body temperature is an absolute minimum on the temperature of an equivalently radiating graybody, due to the relationship of emissivity and temperature. The following is a rough zero dimensional calculation, but actually is quite close to measured effects: Without GHG's (ignoring affects on SW albedo), 240 W/m^2 of SW would enter the climate, and the only exit would be LW radiation from the surface through LW transparent atmosphere, average surface LW emissivity of 0.98, hence a temperature of -16.7C. With GHG's and an effective LW emissivity of 0.612 (that's measured, L.J., not made up, from the LW spectra to low orbit), the temperature is: T = [ P / ( ε * σ ) ]^0.25 K (Stefan-Boltzmann equation) or [ 240/(0.612 * 5.6704*10^-8 ]^0.25 - 273.15 = 15.2C Which, not surprisingly, matches our experience; ~15C surface temperature. Those are the measurements and the math, with an appropriately applied boundary condition of 240 in/240 out. If your hypothesis does not match the measurements, it's probably time for a new hypothesis! -
CBDunkerson at 00:53 AM on 4 April 2011Arctic Ice March 2011
On Antarctica, keep in mind that it is undergoing significant ice mass loss >currently< despite the sub-zero air temperatures. This is because water temperatures do get above freezing and lead to breakup of ice shelves and coastal ice that sea water can undermine. Loss of that coastal ice also allows the formerly 'land locked' ice behind it to flow towards the sea much more quickly. Thus, even without a huge further increase in CO2 levels we can likely expect to see the total volume of Antarctic ice slowly decreasing until mass gain and loss come into equilibrium again... which probably wouldn't happen until all the thicker ice which formed under the previous equilibrium state has flowed out to sea and been replaced by thinner ice formed at the new accumulation rate... which would likely require thousands of years. Thus, I'd agree that we likely won't see much increase in the amount of ice-free coastline unless CO2/temperatures go up significantly, but that doesn't mean Antarctica won't be losing ice mass. The ice area may not change much, but the volume / mass will. Which is actually similar to what we have been seeing in the Arctic... decrease in ice area / extent lags significantly behind decrease in ice volume / mass. -
Ken Lambert at 00:51 AM on 4 April 2011Arctic Ice March 2011
Sorry slight typo: The polar solar radiation at TOA will therefore irradiate 2.5 sq.m of area at 23.4 degrees angle of incidence............. -
Ken Lambert at 00:38 AM on 4 April 2011Arctic Ice March 2011
Sphaerica #69 "Stop distracting and confusing people with gibberish". When I went to school the Earth's axis was tilted at about 23.4 degrees to the plane of orbit around the sun. This means that at the poles, the sun's angle of incidence is +23.4 degrees in the summer and -23.4 degrees in the winter (it is in the shade). The Arctic was famously called the land of the midnight sun in the middle of the northern summer because on the Arctic circle at noon the angle of incidence was a maximum of 46.8 (2 x 23.4) degrees and at midnight it was 0 degrees but still light because the 23.4 degree tilt of the Earth kept the latitude of 66.6 degrees north just tangential to the sun. The Earth still rotates once every 24 hours (even in the Arctic summer cooker), and therefore in a 24 hour period the whole of the 4.4% of the Arctic surface above 66.6N is subjected to a varying angle of incidence between 46.8 degrees and 0. Average 23.4 degrees. The Sine of 23.4 degrees is 0.4 which means that the inverse is about 2.5. The polar solar radiation at TOA will therefore irradiate 2.4 sq.m of area at 23.4 degrees angle of incidence, compared with 1.09 sq.m at the Equator and 1.00 sq.m at the Tropic of Cancer at the northern summer solstice. Further, the solar energy has to travel commensurately further through the Earth's atmosphere at these low incidence angles and is subject to more scatter. To quote you: "Since at that time of year the angle of incidence is great than that at the tropics (66˚ at peak), it is like a non-stop tropical sun." The Arctic summer peak at the pole, dear Sphaerica, is not 66 degrees angle of incidence, but 23.4 degrees. So what was this about my talking gibberish? -
jmsglr at 00:36 AM on 4 April 2011The Climate Show Episode 10: David Suzuki and the sun
What is the scientific explanation as to why the divergence happens after the 70s and not early in the 20th century?Response: Dana wrote a good overview of what drove early 20th Century climate. -
Eric (skeptic) at 00:24 AM on 4 April 2011It's cooling
michael sweet, the other reason more harp seals show up farther away is that there are more of them. See figure 7 here: http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/fm-gp/seal-phoque/seal_harp_%202009-eng.pdf Their biggest problem by far is hunting, not ice. -
Tom Curtis at 00:23 AM on 4 April 2011Arctic Ice March 2011
Sphaerica @71, Antarctica along with Australia, to which it was still joined, was the most southerly continent from about 208 million years ago. It's southern coast reached the pole around 65 to 54 million years ago, and it largely straddled the pole (in almost its current position) between 54 and 38 million years ago. During the later period, Australia first fully separated from Antarctica, allowing a circumpolar current to develop which lead to the first ice sheets in Antarctica. Here are the approximate positions of the continents in the Eocene, some 50 million years ago:
For comparison, here is a reconstruction of temperature change throughout the Cenozoic:
So, given sufficiently high CO2 levels, I think Antarctica could certainly become ice free in summer (except for mountain peaks, obviously) again. However, that would require very high levels of CO2 (perhaps around 2000 ppm) sustained over several centuries, and possibly millennia.
The West Antarctic Ice Shelf, on the other hand would probably be melted by sustaining current CO2 levels for a few centuries.
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ClimateHawk at 23:07 PM on 3 April 2011Hansen predicted the West Side Highway would be underwater
It will be interesting to see if the WUWT article will ever acknowledge the account published in 2001 in Bob Reiss's book, The Coming Storm, or acknowledges the answer given by Dr. Hansen could have been a speculation about doubled CO2 (560 ppm). -
Alexandre at 22:12 PM on 3 April 2011Debunking Climate Myths from Politicians
Re Sarkozy Well, technically, CFCs include carbon too, so he IS correct... even if unknowinlgy, it seems. -
Bob Lacatena at 22:03 PM on 3 April 2011Arctic Ice March 2011
70, Dan, Just to point out... when Antarctica was warm, it was considerably further north on the globe... about where Australia is, I think. I don't think there's any way that much more than the coasts of Antarctica could lose their ice, given today's geography. At the warmest times of the year, under direct sunlight, I believe most of Antarctica is still at least 20˚ below zero, because of the altitudes involved. Nothing can change that (unless Antarctica either deflates and sinks closer to sea level, or else floats north). I'm not an expert, though. If anyone has better information...Moderator Response: (DB) Thanks for the reminder about the differing position of Antartica relative to today (trying to contribute over the phone & Kindle while traveling). Your assessment above is more complete than mine. -
WSteven at 21:43 PM on 3 April 2011The Climate Show Episode 10: David Suzuki and the sun
Typo in paragraph for figure "Variation in Number of Warm Days/Nights". It reads "from solar warming is that days should warm faster than days" is should read "from solar warming is that days should warm faster than nights".Response: Whoops, fixed, thanks! -
kdkd at 21:36 PM on 3 April 2011Soot and global warming
BP: You've given us sufficient inductive proof in the past that your understanding of correlation methods is woefully deficient. I tell you what. Grab a range of different data sets, run some multiple regression models showing how your graph at #15 is seemingly the best explanation of some causal relationship and I'll give you some kudos. Meanwhile I'm going to go out on a limb and conclude that there's a 95% chance or greater that your causal explanation is only a very very small part of the story. This conclusion is based on the multiple regression modeling I have done in the past. -
les at 21:36 PM on 3 April 20112nd law of thermodynamics contradicts greenhouse theory
Ryan 934 Assume No. HTH. -
wingding at 21:02 PM on 3 April 2011Hansen's 1988 prediction was wrong
Another misleading analysis of Hansen's 1988 scenarios this time bob carter and david evans getting it hideously wrong. Note the substitution of tropospheric temperatures when the projections were for surface temperatures. Note the complete disregard of non CO2 greenhouse gases in order to claim scenario A best fits reality. Check the comments. There is a quote mine of Hansen 1988 to support that disregard. Worse of all a complete lack of research. It's like they haven't even bothered reading any analyses of the 1988 scenarios, including in some of hansen's later papers. Like they didn't even use google. There's enough wrong in that article for a skepticalscience correction imo. If you google some of the text in the article you will find it's been copy pasted around over the years. Another bad thing is how none of the commenter seem to know it's wrong. -
michael sweet at 20:36 PM on 3 April 2011It's cooling
I am suprised no-one has mentioned that Harp Seals in the North Atlantic breed on the sea ice in Canada. There was little or no sea ice in this area of Canada this winter. The Harp seals had no where to breed on the ice so some wandered off. The appearance of Harp seals in the USA is more likely due to loss of habitat in Canada, due to the ice melting from AGW, than because they are physic and think it is getting colder.This article from the Humane society of Canada claims that the seals were forced to give birth on shore in 2010 (I could not find a scientific reference for harp seals birthing on shore, there has not been enough time for it to be published). Lack of suitable habitat would account for seals wandering more than usual. -
CBDunkerson at 19:55 PM on 3 April 2011Muller Misinformation #1: confusing Mike's trick with hide the decline
Given Tim's insistence that we should believe his version of events (rather than logic or the evidence of our own senses) 'because Climate Audit says so' I have to wonder if there should be something along the lines of the politician quotations page for major 'skeptic' blogs. That is, collect the most obvious / most egregious disinformation they have put out to show exactly how little credibility they have. Consider that Muller, a physicist, raved about what a "hero" Watts was.. despite Watts promoting complete nonsense like 'the greenhouse effect violates the 2nd law of thermodynamics'. Likewise Muller has been spreading the fictional claim about Gore having been told 'not one polar bear has died due to receding ice' which the 'skeptic' blogs simply made up. I wonder if he'd have made such a mistake if there was an easily available resource to show just what sort of people he was getting in bed with... though I suspect he is starting to get an inkling now. -
CBDunkerson at 19:39 PM on 3 April 2011Soot and global warming
BP, that graph doesn't make a 'clear' case for correlation... let alone causation. Since it is a short term atmospheric particulate effect we'd expect to see close correlation between peaks and valleys if it was impacting Arctic sea ice... similar to the way that volcanic eruptions and ENSO events can easily be identified in the temperature record. Instead, what we see is no correspondence at all. The unusually high (in comparison to the ongoing trend) ice extent of 1996 is matched with the highest soot output to that point... and the next year there was unprecedentedly huge soot output with no corresponding spike in ice decline. Ditto the high soot output in 2004 and 2005. Basically, the chart takes two factors which are changing and scales them such that the start and end points roughly overlap. You could do the same thing with Arctic sea ice and cell phone sales. -
TimTheToolMan at 19:01 PM on 3 April 2011Muller Misinformation #1: confusing Mike's trick with hide the decline
"you have a pattern of making accusations without providing supporting arguments" I have provided the website that contains all the information needed for those who are interested beyond wanting to hear what they want to hear. I cant do more than that because experience has shown me that I will be censored and unable to make a consistent argument.Moderator Response: (DB) Experience should have taught you that commiting repeated violations of the Comments Policy will force moderation. That is science in action: repeating failed behavior with differing expectations of results. -
L.J. Ryan at 18:09 PM on 3 April 20112nd law of thermodynamics contradicts greenhouse theory
les 933 I'm not sure what you are saying/asking...are you referencing your post 925 where you asked: "Where did the rest of the material come from (it is only polite to reference sources, after all)?" Assuming yes, these formula are straightforward applications of GHG physics. I know that sounds obligatory, yet this is a very true answer. It is only this "physics" charade which permits such misapplication of know laws. Do you wish to see the actual equations implicit in within data tables? If so, no problem. Please reply affirmatively and I will post later this evening. -
Berényi Péter at 17:45 PM on 3 April 2011Soot and global warming
Yes. And reduced summer ice cover in the Arctic is clearly caused by Chinese soot.
However, in this case the phenomenon can't be used as a proof of high climate sensitivity to atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
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les at 17:39 PM on 3 April 20112nd law of thermodynamics contradicts greenhouse theory
Ryan. Thanks for including me in your rant. But you will note that I have not participated in your calculation thread of argumentation. The reason I have not us that as a physicist, I know thus is not how one actually thinks about this kind if problem. I've made my remark about the blog post. Respond to that or not; but I'm not being sucked into this particular bit of kinda-garden-proifiness. -
L.J. Ryan at 17:11 PM on 3 April 20112nd law of thermodynamics contradicts greenhouse theory
Tom Curtis 929, KR, les Did you actually comprehend my post or just offer a knee jerk retort. re 1)Your Eq1 equations confirm mine. I'll prove it to you...what is the SW flux incident on the earths SURFACE? What is the SW absorptivity of the earth SURFACE? re 3) My (e3) is "mined" directly from Jin-Yi Yu lecture...KR, les and Philippe Chantreau seem to think highly of his presentation. So if I have got it wrong so does he. Your added commentary regarding TOA blackbody temperature is specious. Two reasons: first, the quote "Energy emitted by Earth = Energy absorbed by Earth" are not my words...look it up. Notice no mention of TOA. Second, the emission as defined by Stefan–Boltzmann law are from a blackbody's surface, not some arbitrary distance in order manufacture a energy gain... your definition is complete nonsense. re 4) Ok, let's eliminated earth's albedo and re-calculate blackbody maximum....T= (340 W/ m2 *1/σ).25 = 278K. Any interested readers should note, the absolute maximum blackbody temperature, with absolute maximum possible SW input is still, 10o colder, then actual temperature. Let me repeat that, GHG physics fabricates energy sufficient enough to confer temperature 10o above that which the sun provides! Tom Curtis do you deny this fact? re 5) You want to make SW absorption by the earth SURFACE 240 W/m2, fine. Shall I recalculate with this slightly higher flux, SURFACE absorption. As I suspect you know, there will be little change to the results. re 6) Ok, lets correct the record, please provide the actual SW absorption for the earths SURFACE. re 7) Since you obfuscate GHG physics mechanics invoking earths albedo, lets remove albedo and test this falsehood. No albedo, maximizes SW input, 340 W/m2 incident to the SURFACE. Given this most fantastic crutch, do you, Tom Curtis, KR, les, Philippe Chantreau, DSL, RW1, Stu, Phil, scaddenp, e, muoncounter, John Cook, DB, any of the other { -snip- } have confidence radiative forcing will work? Any interested readers should note, I will spot GHG physics the full solar input 340 W/m2 to the SURFACE, no albedo, and I contend it can not rectify the required energy to achieve earth's mean temperature of 288K.Moderator Response: [muoncounter] Please read the Comments Policy more carefully; accusations such as that removed from your comment are unnecessary and unacceptable. Do not overuse the emphasis; it is tantamount to shouting. -
Tom Curtis at 16:21 PM on 3 April 2011Muller Misinformation #1: confusing Mike's trick with hide the decline
TTTM @112, you have a pattern of making accusations without providing supporting arguments, or links to supporting evidence. This may be an effective way to avoid rebuttal, but that's OK, because by reducing yourself to unsubstantiated assertion, you remove any need for rebuttal. Considering the exchange we have just had, unsubstantiated assertion is probably the safest route for you, rather than having your baseless accusations again exposed to scrutiny. -
Tom Curtis at 16:14 PM on 3 April 2011Muller Misinformation #1: confusing Mike's trick with hide the decline
TTTM @115, on re-reading, yes it was attributed; but no it was not distinguished as being a quote. You should try placing quotes inside quotation marks, and preferably inside a block quote to distinguish it from the rest of the text. You should also attribute quotes to a person, not to an unlinked website. -
Simbiotic at 16:11 PM on 3 April 2011Zero Carbon Australia: We can do it
I am a former geothermal supporter (even invested $5000 in Geodynamics), but i don't think it has much potential in australia. Hot-springs type geothermal is excellent overseas where active volcanism is ongoing. Places such as Iceland, New Zealand and Indonesia have a lot of oportunities. In Australia our only geothermal option is from hot rocks, and involves drilling lots of very deep, large diameter holes. These holes are ludicrously expensive, in the range of tens of millions each. From memory, geodynamics had a plan to drill around a hundred of these holes for their planned comercial scale electricity plant. The other problem is that even hot rocks plants cant be build just anywhere. You need a location which has highly radiactive granites under a cover of at least 3km of sediment to insulate the heat. This is why geodynamics built their demonstration facility in the middle of the desert, somewhere out from the town of Innamincka, SA. -
Citizen99 at 15:55 PM on 3 April 2011Debunking Climate Myths from Politicians
John, I am thrilled to see this new page, and this is a great way to get started. One of the truths in U.S. politics is that the debate is led not by the politicians, but by their "bosses" in the extremist media (Thanks again, Australia ... just kidding!). The politicians follow, because they know that these media networks reach a lot of voters, and the vote of a misinformed dupe counts the same as any other. Remember that just a few years ago, many of these same politicians supported positive steps to curtail climate change, and have only recently reversed their rhetoric. Rep. Fred Upton of Michigan is a stark example, who made a very well-documented about-face on this issue in the last two years, after he saw the outsized influence of the tea parties in the 2010 mid-term debacle. The good news (I guess) is that the commitment of most of these individuals to their current position is about an inch deep, and thus can be reversed if they perceive public opinion again turning against them. And thus, any effort to educate potential voters on the counter-arguments against the nonsense they have been fed by the denier movement could be a valuable tool in changing these easily changeable politicians' minds. -
TOP at 15:40 PM on 3 April 2011Soot and global warming
A few papers on BC and snow melt. DUST AND BLACK CARBON IN SEASONAL SNOW ACROSS NORTHERN CHINA IMPURITIES IN SNOW: EFFECTS ON ALBEDO Darkening of Soot-doped Natural Snow: Measurements and Model Sources of light-absorbing aerosol in arctic snow and their seasonal variation This last study suggests that biomas burning is responsible for a lot of the BC in snow. I wasn't able to find anyting about the affect of BC on heat absorbtion over the oceans. -
TOP at 14:43 PM on 3 April 2011Soot and global warming
Doherty just measured BC. They haven't yet verified it's use in models to predict reductions in albedo. This winter I was especially observant of the snow melt next to my driveway. What Doherty says about the importance of crystal size to melt is apparently true. I observed that the snow was melting horizontally more or less in line with the sun's elevation. That wasn't the dirt on the snow that did that. -
Daniel Bailey at 14:40 PM on 3 April 2011Arctic Ice March 2011
Sphaerica If I could add but 2 things to the fine and salient points you've made: 1. I just wanted to reiterate and emphasize the point you've made about the looming albedo changes and length of days in the Arctic. The energy received in the Arctic summer is in excess of that received during the tropics - and this occurs for many weeks, 24/7. This imbalance has thinned the sea ice cap in the Arctic to the point where weather conditions alone could expose the Central Arctic Basin (and the area of the North Pole) to sunlight for the first time in millennia-to-hundreds-of-millennia). Essentially, the Arctic albedo could "flip" from it's natural white, highly reflective state to a very dark, very absorptive state. If the summer energy imbalance currently is enough to put the health of the Northern Hemisphere's refrigeration system "on the ropes", what will that energy imbalance do to our climate once it has "TKO'd" the polar cap? 2. Readership here at Skeptical Science are far more intelligent and discerning than those who would seek to dissemble and disinform would like to think. It should be obvious by now to those who've yet read this far on this thread as to which parties seek to provide information in full context, and which belong to the "D & D tribe". PS: Business-as-usual for another 20 years will essentially guarantee another 3-5 degrees C (or more) by 2100. The last time the world was that warm Antartica contained little ice (but Bob is right in that it will still take centuries-to-millennia to completely dissipate). The Yooper -
TimTheToolMan at 14:07 PM on 3 April 2011Muller Misinformation #1: confusing Mike's trick with hide the decline
"Can you honestly say that you attributed every and each quote coming from CA?" I've only made one and yes, it was attributed.Moderator Response: [muoncounter] See the prior moderation response at #110; there was no quote in #98. -
TimTheToolMan at 14:02 PM on 3 April 2011Muller Misinformation #1: confusing Mike's trick with hide the decline
"By the way, the accusation you make in 112 should be substantiated. " All I can say is that genuinely interested readers should visit Climate Audit to see the other side of this story and then make their own minds up based on the evidence presented. -
TOP at 14:01 PM on 3 April 2011Soot and global warming
Cryoconite Holes Apparently cryconite holes have been around since 1870. They are part of the ecosystem. Effect of Life in Holes. Some of the melting is due to heat released from the organisms that grow in cryoconite. Cryoconites in the Antarctic Weblog of Belgians studying cryoconites. The cryoconites in the Taylor valley support an active, diverse assemblage of organisms despite the fact that they may remain sealed from the atmosphere for decades. Given the density of the cryoconites in the dry valleys (~ 4-6% of ablation zone surfaces), flushing of the cryoconites during warm years could provide a vital nutrient and organic carbon source to the surrounding polar desert. LINK
Some cryoconites have been around a while.
It seems more plausible that it isn't the carbon's heat absorbing properties, but rather it's food value that is important in the formation of cryoconite holes. Part of the food chain.
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Philippe Chantreau at 13:46 PM on 3 April 2011Muller Misinformation #1: confusing Mike's trick with hide the decline
I seldom get my comments published at RC, in fact I can't even remember when was the last one I got one through. As for science winning, Muller is experiencing just how that goes at WUWT. After having found that the instrumental temperature data is really not so unreliable, he's getting the lynch mob at WUWT on his heels. Talk about going against the agenda. Let's keep it real. The moderation on this site is far superior and more flexible than anywhere else I know. Deltoid lets just about anything through and that has the inconvenient of degenerating into childish fights. Sks is exemplary. Check out the 2nd law of thermodynamics thread to see how much pure nonsense was allowed to trolls "going against the agenda" only for the sake of being open. Can you honestly say that you attributed every and each quote coming from CA? By the way, the accusation you make in 112 should be substantiated. -
TimTheToolMan at 13:23 PM on 3 April 2011Muller Misinformation #1: confusing Mike's trick with hide the decline
At the end of the day, word is getting out to scientists who understand and appreciate whats going on here. More detail is emerging regarding undisclosed truncations of the proxy data now at both ends of the reconstruction. Science always wins in the end.Moderator Response: [DB] "Science always wins in the end." Something dissemblers and disinformationists would do well remembering. -
Philippe Chantreau at 13:22 PM on 3 April 2011Muller Misinformation #1: confusing Mike's trick with hide the decline
TTTM, you want to experience censorship? Go to CA or WUWT and try to challenge their views with the same freedom you have enjoyed here. Don't be shy, pretend to be a real warmist and go gung-ho. See what happens, then report back to us. That's a form of scientific experiment, should be OK with you right? -
TimTheToolMan at 13:03 PM on 3 April 2011Muller Misinformation #1: confusing Mike's trick with hide the decline
"I believe this to be against forum policy, although I would prefer if the comment was not removed." Climate Audit was clearly credited with the quote. I see I am again being censored on this site. This has now moved beyond poor form now, moderators.Moderator Response: [muoncounter] Your last mention of CA was in comment #98, where there is no quote. Whining about censorship here is laughable; complaining about moderation is usually deleted under the Comments Policy. -
Tom Curtis at 12:40 PM on 3 April 2011Muller Misinformation #1: confusing Mike's trick with hide the decline
Sorry, I included the lower magnification version of MBH 99 that I had already posted rather than this one:
If a moderator could correct the error, I would be very thankful.
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Tom Curtis at 12:37 PM on 3 April 2011Muller Misinformation #1: confusing Mike's trick with hide the decline
TTTM @107 simply asserts that he has the facts correct without argument. In doing so, he ignores the clear demonstration that his purported analysis is false - specifically the claims about truncation. To be perfectly clear about this, he* claimed that the third step of Mike's method was "Discarding all values of the smooth after the end of the proxy period." But the smoothed plot ends in 1973 for MBH 98, and 1978 or 1979 for MBH 99. Clearly the truncation method claimed by TTTM was not used. You can see this clearly for your self below:
MBH 98 fig 5 end plot magnified twentyfold. The red marks indicate 1900 and 1950. The large black dashed line (splodge) is the smoothed function. The thin continuous line is the annual data which clearly continues past the last value of the smoothed function by several years (in fact 7).
MBH 99 (with alternate smoothing in green) magnified 10 fold. The blue line is the original MBH smoothing, the continuos black line is the year by year data, which clearly extends beyond the smoothed curve by at least one year, and probably two.
The second step is also false, in that it claims the instrumental period beyond 1995 (MBH 98) and 1998 (MBH 1999) was padded by the instrumental mean of the calibration period, ie, zero. This step is necessary in UC's reconstuction because he reconstructs the smoothed lines as terminating in 1980, so the intstrumental period does not provide enough padding by itself. But Mann does not extend the smoothed period beyond any value which would require such padding, ie, 1973 for MBH 98 and a 50 year smooth; and 1978 for MBH 1999 and a 40 year smooth.
So with steps 2 and 3 clearly refuted, all TTTM has to fall back on is the claim that Mann used the mean of the instrumental values to pad, as Mann claimes; or whether he uses the actual instrumental record itself as claimed by the "climate auditors". This subtle difference has been decided in the auditors favour by the auditors on the basis of eyeballing comparisons of unmagnified graphs which do not include any plots of a smooth padded with the mean of the values, ie, one of the two different methods at issue.
Frankly, I have followed TTTM's claims back to there source and amongst all their efforts, there is no attempt to plot a smooth using the mean of the instrumental values (Mann's claimed method) and hence no possibility of their having critically analyzed and rebutted that alternative.
Of course, had Steve McIntyre used Mann's actual method, he would not have had his apparent justification for slandering Michael Mann by saying:
"UC, that’s an interesting find. At the time of this post, we hadn’t managed to pin down Mannian smoothing methods – bu we did so in Sept last year while considering Mann 2008.
If you’re right about the splice, it places an interesting light on Mann’s outburst at rc:
"No researchers in this field have ever, to our knowledge, “grafted the thermometer record onto” any reconstruction. It is somewhat disappointing to find this specious claim (which we usually find originating from industry-funded climate disinformation websites) appearing in this forum. Chu’s recent use of this graphic adds a little piquancy to this find."
(post 6th May 2009) So, anyone really interested in the truth can indeed find out the details, and the details clearly refute TTTM's claims. Unfortunately for him, the truth is to be found on this site rather than from the slander pits from which he regurgitates. *TTTM's claims, I have discovered, are in fact a simple cut and paste of claims made by Steve McIntyre, which is why his references to links have no links attached. I believe this to be against forum policy, although I would prefer if the comment was not removed.Moderator Response: [mc] Duplicate image replaced with blowup.
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