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All IPCC definitions taken from Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Working Group I Contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Annex I, Glossary, pp. 941-954. Cambridge University Press.

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Comments 56051 to 56100:

  1. Is Greenland close to a climate tipping point?
    The two crumbs of comfort in this post come from the Kopp et al 2009 abstract. Firstly they find Sea Level Rise from the (possibly) relevant part of the Eemian to be probably 5mm - 9mm pa. The other is that the polar temperatures were "~3 to 5 dec C warmer than today." But they are pretty meagre crumbs. The SLR I convert from their average over a millennium and with polar amplification of temperature, a ~3 to 5 deg C rise in polar temperatures is less in terms of global ones.
  2. George Montgomery at 17:54 PM on 1 August 2012
    Lindzen's Sandia Talk Contains his Usual Errors
    The forecast retirement of Lindzen brings to mind that contrarian climatologists are an ageing lot, as are those non-climatologists who are in the vanguard of the faux sceptics movement. Perhaps there is an increasing relevance in Max Planck's 1948 observation that "a (new) scientific truth does not triumph by convincing its opponents and making them see the light, but rather that its opponents die and a new generation grows up that is familiar with it". [my brackets]
  3. Is Greenland close to a climate tipping point?
    Given the low probability of seeing such melting across Greenland again in, say, the next decade if such events are only occurring randomly, perhaps the world's nations should be considering a near-future occurence of such an event as a trigger for a 'war footing' response to human carbon emissions. At least, any rational civilisation would do so. If we see another whole-continent melting in Greenland in the next five to ten years, with no concommitent emergency response around the world, then it really will be all over Red Rover for any semblance of a 'pleasant' biosphere and a functioning global human society a century or two from now.
  4. Doug Hutcheson at 17:02 PM on 1 August 2012
    Joe Romm's Congressional Testimony
    How nice to hear the plain truth spoken in a political environment. No doubt, being largely unacquainted with the truth, the good congress men and women will find it difficult to believe.
  5. 2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    John. I know that you'll be aware that Watts is intending to release a second draft soon - if it hasn't already been done it might be useful to anticipate where any future revisions will end up taking any final paper that might actually make submission.
  6. Peter Hadfield takes on the MWP
    Thank you Mr. Hadfield for an excellent presentation. I have completely believed in anthropogenic climate change for decades. However, as I have returned late in life to a graduate program, I am out of necessity for my thesis reading a great deal written by climate change deniers and skeptics. As my background is journalism and not science, occasionally, I am drawn into what seems like a plausible argument, such as MWP. Your video snapped that thought right out of my head. Attention to detail and good investigation--something that competent scientists and journalists share. Most skeptics I;m reading, though, seem to come up short on facts, provide few references, and resort to attacking opponents. Reminds me more of sleight of hand when I read their books and papers.
  7. Newcomers, Start Here
    Thanks for the response. I was getting paranoid--I thought it was me.
  8. Lindzen's Sandia Talk Contains his Usual Errors
    Lindzen has credentials though. He's been in the field for a long time and has a lot of publications. People don't care that he's always wrong or always repeating the same misinformation, because they can say "this climate scientist from MIT says it's nothing to worry about". It would be nice if Lindzen would do us all a favor and retire and stay out of the media.
  9. Lindzen's Sandia Talk Contains his Usual Errors
    The NY Times has an article which mentions that Lindzen is looking forward to retirement, possibly at his second home. It struck me as a biased piece. Honestly though, he hasn't said anything new for a while, and that hasn't stopped him from being a sceptic magnet. So, I don't know that his retirement would make any difference. Even if he becomes not topical, some other contrarian will feel the void.
  10. Newcomers, Start Here
    koyaanisqatsi - yes, the emails were discontinued when there was a glitch that resulted in several emails being sent out each day. I guess the issue hasn't been resolved yet.
  11. Newcomers, Start Here
    To anyone, Have emails for new blog post been discontinued? The last one I have received was back on July 8, 2012. According to SkS, I'm still set up to receive emails from SkS. I have no filter set up for email. Nothing for some time, though. TIA, koyaanisqatsi
  12. 2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    To the surprise of no one, Muller’s Op-ed and Watts’s press release have generated a goodly number of blog articles over the past few days. One that merits a careful read is: “More evidence attention-grabbing climate studies prematurely rushed and potentially flawed” by Jason Samenow of the Capital Weather Gang, Washington Post, July 31, 2012 To access this blog post, click here.
  13. Unprecedented Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Melt
    With reference to muttkat's inquiry: (1) The melt is ice sheet surface melt (i.e. the formation of meltwater on the surface of the ice), which is certainly a concern. The impression I get from the USA Today article is one of greater melting than is the case. (2) (-Snip-)
    Moderator Response: [DB] Reply to ideology snipped. Thank you for your efforts and for your forbearance.
  14. 2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    Eric (skeptic): Wrong Menne paper. Try this one: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 115, D11108, doi:10.1029/2009JD013094, 2010 On the reliability of the U.S. surface temperature record Matthew J. Menne,1 Claude N. Williams Jr.,1 and Michael A. Palecki1 Received 27 August 2009; revised 24 December 2009; accepted 7 January 2010; published 8 June 2010. In this paper Menne et. al. compared USHCN stations of different siting quality with the USCRN stations.
  15. Medieval Warm Period was warmer
    muttkat: Your inquiry is off-topic on this thread; fortunately there is a post here on the subject of ice sheet surface melt.
  16. Medieval Warm Period was warmer
    I had read a comment that this month that some form of warm air swept over Greenland and the ice melted temporarily from 55% to 97%. http://www.usatoday.com/weather/climate/story/2012-07-25/greenland-ice-sheet-melt-climate-change/56479518/1 (-Snip-)
    Moderator Response: [DB] Your initial statement is off-topic for this thread; please follow the sage direction given you by Composer99. Your subsequent statement was snipped due to ideology.
  17. Lindzen's Sandia Talk Contains his Usual Errors
    Thanks Martin. Do you have information that Lindzen is retiring?
  18. Lindzen's Sandia Talk Contains his Usual Errors
    Excellent summary. Having been apalled by witnessing first-hand his apparently deliberate attempt to peddle misinformation in London in February this year, I tried and failed to get him to explain his "scepticism". I then tried and failed to get either the MIT or the AGU to extract the same from him. I am therefore very disappointed to see that, just months away from retirement to the south of France, he is apparently still peddling exactly the same misinformation. Clearly, my inability to get anyone to call him to account and/or reign-in waht appears to be deeply-prejudiced and unprofessional behaviour has merely served to convince him that he can do just as he pleases without fear of any adverse consequences).
  19. 2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    Thanks warm, that's a useful reference. I've used it in our response post to the Watts paper, which we'll probably publish on Friday.
  20. Climate Change Cluedo: Anthropogenic CO2
    By searching on "RealOldOne2's" nick, the GoobleBox turns up a devoid-of-any-videos video feed. Hmmmm..... RealOldOne2's UT account Now, this *could* be a different RealOldOne2, but given the other ~10K denier/contrarian refs Google turns up, I highly doubt it. Golly, to know the real reason why all those videos are now gone...;)
  21. Ari Jokimäki at 03:34 AM on 1 August 2012
    New research special - paleoclimate papers 2010-2011
    The figure is from Martín-Chivelet et al. (2011) and here's the full text for that one.
  22. New research special - paleoclimate papers 2010-2011
    Ari thanks for this list. Can you provide a reference for the figure? thak you Tony
  23. New research special - paleoclimate papers 2010-2011
    I found the Leclercq & Oerlemans (2011) paper on glacier lengths for decadal scale temperature reconstruction to 1600 very interesting: the decadal length averaging removes many variations (ENSO, for example) and gives a clear picture of the overall trends. And a nice confirmation from a proxy not included in most other reconstructions - once again, consilience of data greatly increases our confidence in the results.
  24. 2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    "Their conclusion also doesn't pass the 'sniff test'. Over land, surface and satellite warming trends should be roughly equal, yet they find a factor of 1.6 greater warming trend in the UAH TLT data than in their raw class 1 and 2 surface temp data. So basically if their analysis is right, it means UAH is biased high, which is simply an implausible result. More likely the Watts results are low because they haven't corrected for various other biases like time of day." I have the "definitive" answer to that issue: Temperature Trends at the Surface and in the Troposphere http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/pdf/TrendsJGRrevised3InPress.pdf This study used GFDL model to simulate surface and TLT (such as UAH) temperature trends. At the extra-tropical northern lattitude, a more rapid warming of surface as compared to lower troposphere is expected, in line with the results of "official" trends (0.22 in the lower troposphere, 0.3 at the surface...). The amplification factor used by Watts to match TLT and surface is a pure "fudge factor" that have no scientific basis...
  25. Ari Jokimäki at 20:17 PM on 31 July 2012
    New research special - paleoclimate papers 2010-2011
    There will be another surprise batch for you in few days. Then, in next week we continue the normal New research from last week series with edition 31. There are few papers in that already. Those who cannot wait whole week can get notified of new papers in real time in Twitter or in Facebook. I also have my Twitter feed in the left column in my blog. These summer specials only covered 4 subjects but there has of course been papers from other subjects. You can browse old posts of New research from last week series here.
  26. Eric (skeptic) at 19:37 PM on 31 July 2012
    2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    zinfan94, your question and an answer to it were posted at WUWT. To briefly follow up here, I would not expect a USCRN comparison as part of a reanalysis of 1979-2008 trends for the same reasons that one was not done here: http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2012/2012GL051387.shtml (I don't have that full paper however).
  27. 2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    I suggest a complementary approach to contradict Watts' paper: provide other evidences of recent warming in USA that are not compatible with low warming trends. For instance this study: http://passthrough.fw-notify.net/download/112635/http://www.wwww.aslo.org/lo/toc/vol_52/issue_5/2013.pdf Spatial analysis of ice phenology trends across the Laurentian Great Lakes region during a recent warming period The results clearly show ice retreat in the great lake area. The Watts results show that this region experienced low trend (0.135C/decade vs 0.37 "official" trend): how ice could melt without significant warming ? I found another article river temperature trend (unfortunately, paywalled ) http://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/090037?journalCode=fron Also a recent article on forest phenology (end of growing season) (paywalled) Trends in fall phenology across the deciduous forests of the Eastern USA http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168192312000500 This article use USHCN data Other approach, glacier change, such as this study: http://www.glaciers.pdx.edu/fountain/MyPapers/SittsEtAl2010_GlaciersMt.Adams.pdf Twentieth Century Glacier Change on Mount Adams, Washington, USA "The main driver of glacier recession appears to be summer air temperature, as little change in precipitation has occurred over the past century. All three temperature data sets show a significant increase in summer temperature beginning around the 1980s (e.g., Nylen 2004, Lilliquist and Walker 2006) corresponding to the rapid retreat in glacier area during the latter part of the 20th" In the northeast US, Watts' result shows very little warming (0.078) as compared to "official" trend (0.247). Glaciers are melting without warming ??
  28. Lindzen's Sandia Talk Contains his Usual Errors
    thanks
  29. 2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    From REP "When you read what Anthony posts, take the time to actually read it, think about it, and the implications will become obvious. We will be moderating strictly. Snark, outrage, disappointment, and instant-analysis of how that stupid Watts got it all wrong will, of course, be snipped." Instant analysis of how that amazing Watts got it all right will, of course, be scooped up and bathed in.
  30. New research special - paleoclimate papers 2010-2011
    Daniel J. Andrews - (Way off-topic) Surprisingly enough, flying cars are beginning to be available: Terrafugia - Complex, a bit marginal as a car, good flyer. Maverick LSA - Hot off-road car, slow flyer (paramotor). PAL-V - Trike/gyrocopter, nice compromise. No, I don't have a holiday gift list once I win the lottery - none whatsoever... --- Regarding the papers (back on topic): don't feel bad, I'm limiting my reading list to the subset of hemispheric/global reconstructions, which cuts it down quite a bit...
  31. Daniel J. Andrews at 07:53 AM on 31 July 2012
    New research special - paleoclimate papers 2010-2011
    Weekend?! Wish I had that level of knowledge. It'll take me longer than that. Feels like things leak out more ears faster than it goes in. Think my brain is full. Still waiting for those brain implant chips (and flying cars too).
  32. 2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    Good luck zinfan. I asked a pretty straighforward question in the WUWT comments regarding a discrepancy in the paper and got some rather rude responses from the moderator REP. They're not very open to criticism (or skepticism) over there.
  33. Of Averages and Anomalies - Part 1A. A Primer on how to measure surface temperature change
    Tom Curtis @14, thanks, the large anomaly in Greg House's example (as well as the small number temperatures) was what prompted me to try this with a larger number of stations and a more realistic anomaly. I feel like it makes sense (in a sort of intuitive manner) that the average of anomalies method would provide a more realistic approximation for stations with regional correlations, but I took the wording of the article to mean that the reason for this was something other than a physical cause. Now that I read that section again, it does say "Bearing in mind that Teleconnection means that adjacent stations will have similar changes in anomaly anyway, this ‘Average of Anomalies’ method is much less sensitive to variations in station availability." (emphasis mine), so I suppose it was a failure in reading on my part. Thanks for helping me sort that out.
  34. 2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    dana: OK. Got that. I am trying the same approach. I did put this comment up on the WUWT thread, suggesting that they should use the USCRN to identify siting issues. Currently the comment is caught in moderation, and its been awhile, so I copied and pasted the comment before it "disappeared". At the very least, the Watts et.al. team should be asked to do similar work to that done by Menne et.al. 2010, that correlated USHCN data with USCRN data. But they could move a long way to actually demonstrating and quantifying siting biases, if they just used the USCRN as the standard for comparison. Paul K2 says: Your comment is awaiting moderation. July 30, 2012 at 1:10 pm I read the paper, and it has some obvious problems. The most obvious is the lack of comparison between the USCRN and the different classes of stations in this paper. The USCRN should be the “gold standard” for station temperature measurements. If there are siting issues, you don’t need decades of data to spot the problem. The siting issues should be detectable, even with only 4-5 years of daily data. Since almost all of the USCRN stations now have over five years of data, correlating the Tmax and Tmin against the data from the various classes of “selected” stations in this report should be the obvious first step in identifying siting issues. Menne et.al. (2010) did this with the homogenized data from different subsets of stations, and found very strong correlations with the entire USHCN dataset (r2 = 0.98 for Tmax, and r2 = 0.96 for Tmin). The failure of Watts et. al. (2012) to complete the same exercise, should be rectified prior to publication. If the findings regarding siting in this paper are accurate, then the Class 1 and Class 2 sites should correlate strongly with the USCRN station data, and Class 3, Class 4, and Class 5 stations should have significantly lower correlations with the USCRN stations. If the correlations for the different station Classes identified in this paper are not substantially different enough to explain the large differences in decadal trends, then some of the other adjustments are likely responsible for the differences. For example, changes in time of observation, adjustment for a move of a station that was previously sited next to a heat source to a better location (that now allows the station to be classed as Class 1 or 2), switch to a different temperature measurement device or system, etcetera, could explain why smaller classes of raw data don’t track well with the overall trend calculated from homogenized station trend data. Not addressing the USCRN data is a serious shortcoming for this paper.
  35. New research special - paleoclimate papers 2010-2011
    Ari - An excellent collection of papers; I believe you have just filled my weekend...
  36. 2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    zinfan - I don't know, Watts seems to be claiming that their new classification approach is a significant change from previous approaches, so I don't know if they would consider the USCRN stations class 1 or 2. We're working on a blog post that outlines the various issues with the paper though. Eevn though it hasn't been submitted, we're viewing it as an opportunity for Watts et al. to correct these problems before they submit the paper. Not that I expect them to do so, but at least we're giving them the opportunity.
  37. 2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    I haven't read the Watts paper, and probably won't at this time because it hasn't even been submitted to a reputable peer-reviewed journal yet, so at present it has little more scientific credibility than a blog post or an editorial opinion. I suppose SkS will need to comment on it because the paper's advocates will attempt to make a mountain out of an unpublished molehill, but let's not forget that it's not a real paper until it has been revised to address the comments of expert reviewers and an editor, and accepted for publication.
  38. 2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    Dana, I have a suggestion that you might keep in mind as you read Watts et. al. draft paper (copied from my comments at Stoat): One thing that really puzzles me about the Watts et. al. draft paper. Isn’t it important in scientific papers to address any prior work that clearly contradicts the current findings? Menne et. al. (2010) did a comparison of the best quality CONUS temperature measurement stations (USCRN) with the USHCNv2 stations. ( Menne paper Figure 7). The USCRN stations have been engineered to provide much more robust and error-free temperature recording and monitoring (three duplicate temperature sensors, isolated sites, consistent designs at every station, additional monitor supervision). Menne et. al. found that the USCRN temperature anomalies correlated extremely well with the USHCNv2 anomalies (r2=0.998 for Tmax and r2=0.996 for Tmin). Now Watts et. al. comes along, and claims that the USHCN is significantly in error against the station subset of only 48 Class 1 sites, and 112 Class 2 sites that he personally selected. The USCRN has 107 locations with 114 monitoring stations (seven stations are duplicated nearby). All of the USCRN stations would likely be considered Class 1 or better using the methodology in Watts et. al. And they were sited across the country to capture the CONUS anomalies accurately. So why didn’t Watts et. al. correlate their USHCN subset results (using the methodology applied in their paper) against the USCRN stations? Essentially the USCRN is the “gold standard” for siting, so the lack of the comparison in Watts et. al. sticks out like a sore thumb. If nothing else, this is an extremely important quality control exercise to ensure that obvious mistakes weren’t made processing the data from the USHCN subset stations. (next comment) To say what I meant in the last comment, a bit more succinctly: Isn’t Watts et. al. claiming (indirectly, given the Menne et. al. 2010 results that show excellent correlation between the USCRN and USHCNv2) that the US Climate Reference Networks stations are substantially in error? If so, this is an extraordinary result. NOAA needs to find out what is wrong with their state-of-the-art network ASAP.
  39. Peter Hadfield takes on the MWP
    @14 See first hit in Google Scholar after searching for "cenozoic himalaya ruddiman".
  40. Peter Hadfield takes on the MWP
    JohnMashey@10, I'm not interested in MWP hypothesis by Ruddiman. I'm interested in another one Ruddiman's famous for: Tibet and Himalayan uplift speeding up igneous rock weathering and creating the late Cenozoic cooling. I canot find the original article (perhaps still hidden behind paywall), nor the comprehensive review of the state of the art here. Do you have a ready pointer or a suggestion where to search?
  41. heijdensejan at 17:21 PM on 30 July 2012
    2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    Victor Venema also has his first review of the new Watts paper http://variable-variability.blogspot.in/2012/07/blog-review-of-watts-et-al-2012.html
  42. 2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    Don't forget to have a look at Leroy's paper (peer-reviewed? and where is the data supporting the standards?). Consider the Class 3 temp standard, a key break-point for Watts: "Class 3 (additional estimated uncertainty added by siting up to 1 °C) • Ground covered with natural and low vegetation (< 25 cm) representative of the region. • Measurement point situated: o at more than 10 m from artificial heat sources and reflective surfaces (buildings, concrete surfaces, car parks etc.) o at more than 10 m from an expanse of water (unless significant of the region) o away from all projected shade when the Sun is higher than 7°. A source of heat (or expanse of water) is considered to have an impact if it occupies more than 10 % of the surface within a circular area of 10 m surrounding the screen or makes up 5% of an annulus of 5m." So if you have, e.g., a station that meets all Class 1 requirements except for having a ~1.5m shrub at a distance of 10m such that the aforementioned 7 degree standard (which note is relative not to the sensor itself but to the point on the ground directly below) is exceeded for even a few days each year, that's enough for a demotion all the way to Class 4. I'm tempted to blame Leroy for facilitating this stupidity, but of course his expectation is that the standards will be used by scientists, not propagandists.
  43. Rob Painting at 16:21 PM on 30 July 2012
    2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    The cartoon is spot-on..........sadly.
  44. Sceptical Wombat at 16:08 PM on 30 July 2012
    Peter Hadfield takes on the MWP
    Mercpl @3 I admire your optimism
  45. 2012 SkS Weekly Digest #30
    To paraphrase Darwin, "A house burned down by fire did not tell its story more plainly than did this atmosphere (or planet!). On Watts, he seems to have forgotten some sentiments of his about press releases before peer review
  46. Peter Hadfield takes on the MWP
    #11: Muller's plying catch-up with the science. According to Mann, he's reached about the 1990s in his understanding of the science:
    "Some additional thoughts about Muller and 'BEST': Muller's announcement last year that the Earth is indeed warming brought him up to date w/ where the scientific community was in the the 1980s. His announcement this week that the warming can only be explained by human influences, brings him up to date with where the science was in the mid 1990s. At this rate, Muller should be caught up to the current state of climate science within a matter of a few years!" (source)
  47. Sceptical Wombat at 13:32 PM on 30 July 2012
    Peter Hadfield takes on the MWP
    Bill @ 1 Muller now accepts that global warming has been happening, is continuing and is almost entirely CO2 induced. He appears to be saying that there is no evidence that it is a particularly big problem.
  48. John Brookes at 13:32 PM on 30 July 2012
    Climate Change Cluedo: Anthropogenic CO2
    Ahh. You could have started off asserting that water is wet, and you would never have got past that argument. Nice post though. Very thorough.
  49. Of Averages and Anomalies - Part 1A. A Primer on how to measure surface temperature change
    How are daily averages for the raw data calculated? Is it as simple as min+max/2?
  50. 2012 SkS Weekly Digest #29
    Thank you very much Tom!

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