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All IPCC definitions taken from Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Working Group I Contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Annex I, Glossary, pp. 941-954. Cambridge University Press.

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Comments 27801 to 27850:

  1. New paper shows that renewables can supply 100% of all energy (not just electricity)

    @scaddenp (#69): Agreed, up to a point. Remember that only a fraction of  petroleum is suitable as feedstock for plastics, and that processes such as cracking take a lot of energy.  Doing something other than burning the non-feedstock fraction will take considerable discipline, or incentives.

  2. Ivar Giaever - Nobel Winning Physicist and Climate Pseudoscientist

    braintic @78.

    The "one match every 3½ years not 20 years" concerns the one match in the room to raise the CO2 level.

    A comparison without getting too confusing. I am saying the room is bigger than your estimate (your room 30% the size of mine) and my match estimate works out smaller (my carbon content estimate for a standard sized matchstick 0.055g(C) to your 0.093g(C)).

    This still leaves the size of matchstick that Giaever is working to. If he estimates the air in the room and atmosphere correctly, his match would be very big indeed at 0.3g(C), even bigger than a large kitchen match (0.34g per item, so carbon content 0.17g(C) each).

    As for your strike rate, that would increase with the smaller matches from 1.3 matches/person/minute to 2.3. But note that only represents the carbon from car exhaust pipes that remains in the atmosphere. If this mass striking of matches is carried out in the open air, much of the released carbon would be absorbed by oceans and biosphere. We would have to strike 5 matches/person/minute to achieve the same rate of carbon release that car exhaust pipes do.

  3. Citi report: slowing global warming would save tens of trillions of dollars

    (From wikipedia:) “In economics, moral hazard occurs when one person takes more risks because someone else bears the burden of those risks. A moral hazard may occur where the actions of one party may change to the detriment of another after a financial transaction has taken place.”


    The mortgage crisis of 2007 was caused by moral hazard.


    The same mechanism is now at work in the fossil fuel industry: although the potential damage in a business as usual scenario is enormous, it is not the fossil fuel industry that will bear the consequences.


    Therefore I am strongly in favor of eliminating the moral hazard, as follows: make it clear to the fossil fuel industry that they WILL have to pay the bill. Either in the shape of a carbon tax that will allow society to evolve to a low carbon society, or in the shape of damage compensation. As the report from Citibank shows, in the latter case the bill will be much higher.

  4. Ivar Giaever - Nobel Winning Physicist and Climate Pseudoscientist

    I'm not sure what you are saying in your last sentence.

    I didn't say "one match every 20 years".

    I said one match every minute FOR 20 years.

    Further, when carbon burns to give carbon dioxide, it combines with oxygen from the air, so it picks up mass. The molecular weight of carbon is 12. The molecular weight of carbon dioxide is 44, with the extra mass coming from an external source. So you have to multiply your estimated mass of carbon dioxide by 44/12.

    Re the ratio of atmosphere to room size - yes I was considering volume instead of quantity of air, so that calculation would be out somewhat.

  5. Corrected sunspot history suggests climate change not due to natural solar trends

    Dear bad-chess-player,

     we all know property developers and how real money, not to mention big government, is made by importing more customers and guess what: providing a power base to allow it all!

     It's called Jevons Paradox and you sell it!!

  6. Citi report: slowing global warming would save tens of trillions of dollars

    ..this perception of wealth is done via Hollywood!

    **Sex sell!

    It's called Jevons Paradox!

  7. One Planet Only Forever at 14:39 PM on 1 September 2015
    Citi report: slowing global warming would save tens of trillions of dollars

    There are additional factors fueling the opposition to doing what the constantly improving understanding of things indicates needs to be done.

    There are many consumers who perceive themselves to be prosperous because of the jobs they can have and the energy and personal benefit they can get cheap as long as they defend the developments that have been gotten away with by "the group of wealthy people who have clearly understood the unacceptability of their pursuits for at least the past 25 years".

    As a resident of Alberta, Canada, I am very familiar with the push for perceptions of prosperity through the expansion of the rate of extraction and sale of fossil fuels. The oil and gas and coal were pushed out through the 1990s. As the conventional oil and gas was depleted it was realized that they had to move fast to benefit from the burning of the oil sands, moving it out quickly to be burned by others.

    Popularity and profitability can clearly be misleading measures of the merit, value and acceptability of things (or people). The misguided belief in the virtue and value of those things clearly needs to be overcome. And the misguided belief that 'everyone being freer to do as they please will develop good results' is another significant factor that needs to be changed.

    The opposition to that adaptation of humanity to deal with the challenge of the impacts from the unacceptable popular pursuits of profit will always be strong. There is likely to always be a significant minority of humanity looking for ways to get away with the least acceptable (cheapest), things they can. Simple rules easily monitored and enforced are likely to be the most effective ways of dealing with that challenge.

    Globally, maybe there needs to be a rapid transition to a ban on the export of fossil fuels by any nation (or region in a nation). After all, in less than 50 years that will need to be the global reality combined with the reality that nations or regions with fossil fuels won't even be allowed to burn them up internally, especially regions in currently developed nations.

  8. Tracking the 2C Limit - July 2015

    CBDunkerson @34,  BEST gives an Alaskan trend increase of 1.58 C from 1860-2014, and 1.08 C from 1910-2014.  The trend increase from 1960, however, is 1.88 C per century.  The sharp increase may be because of a cooling trend from 1860-1960, or because earlier data was obtained only from southern coastal regions and the Yukon Valley, both of which show reduced trends relative to Northern Coastal regions. (Seen clearly in the GISS 250 km trend map.)

    More importantly, I don't think targets work like that.  Specifically, in tropical regions, because of low annual temperature ranges and a small gap to the maximum tolerable wet-bulb temperature, small increases in temperature will be more harmfull than much larger increases in the Arctic and Sub-Arctic.  Against that, the absolute threshold for melting ice is a significant factor in the Arctic in general, and Alaska in particular.  Temperature increases in the Arctic that raise summer sea and/or permafrost temperatures above freezing will be far more harmful in the general context than much larger increases above that level.  So, depending on latitutude and local conditions, a significant increase may have relatively little effect but once a threshold is crossed the impacts can rapidly become quite large.  To complicate things further there are no doubt other thresholds (relating, for example, to the life cycle of beatles) which will also have significant effects.  The upshot is that impacts will not scale simply with temperature increase, and will vary significantly from region to region, and event within a small radius based on local topology for a given level of increase.

  9. PhilippeChantreau at 08:04 AM on 1 September 2015
    Corrected sunspot history suggests climate change not due to natural solar trends

    So far qikplay has not shown signs that he is interested in considering the scientific evidence. I would suggest DNFTT.

    Moderator Response:

    [JH] Excellent advice. qiklplay does not understand that posting on the SkS comment threads is a privilege, not a right. He is on the verge of relinqusihing his privilege.

  10. Tracking the 2C Limit - July 2015

    Hey, Obama's trip to Alaska got me thinking... given that 'the Arctic is warming twice as fast as the globe as a whole'... would that imply that places like Alaska and Siberia are already AT the '2 C limit'?

    Obviously, the 2 C limit is meant as a global average, but is there some applicability as each regional area passes that thresh-hold? That is, are the level of changes being seen in Alaska currently similar to what the whole world will see at 2 C?

  11. New paper shows that renewables can supply 100% of all energy (not just electricity)

    tder2012 - Personally, I do not expect the path to low-carbon energy to be simple, and many of the proposals for accomplishing that are indeed more thought experiment than detailed proposals. 

    However, if we were to implement costs on fossil fuels commensurate with their impacts, such as a carbon tax, accompanied by government policies supporting rather than undercutting renewables, I expect the move to low-carbon energy in all sectors of the worlds economies will occur simply due to the profit motive. 

    The second reference you put forth, Vidal et al 2013, has as its abstract:

    Renewable energy requires infrastructures built with metals whose extraction requires more and more energy. More mining is unavoidable, but increased recycling, substitution and careful design of new high-tech devices will help meet the growing demand.

    Given the doubtful tone of your post, I would have to note that the referred article is actually quite optimistic. 

  12. Corrected sunspot history suggests climate change not due to natural solar trends

    qikplay...  Do you understand the relative forcing of those solar cycles on the climate system compared to other forcings? The difference in the last two solar cycles relative to the previous few is a teenie-tiny signal lost in the background noise. You're talking a small fraction of a watt/m2 relative to the 1361W/m2 of incoming solar radiation. We are lucky to orbit a very stable star.

    You should consider the 2.3W/m2 of forcing from increased human activities as the culprit for the the changes we see in our climate system. 

  13. One Planet Only Forever at 00:15 AM on 1 September 2015
    Here’s what happens when you try to replicate climate contrarian papers

    mancan18,

    My observations of recent history, following the attempts of many people to develop improved understanding and raise awareness about the unacceptability of developed profitable and popular economic activity, indicate that a major barrier to 'the development of legitimate scientific development of the best understanding of what is going on, the general acceptance of that increased understanding, and the application of the understanding to develop lasting improvements of living conditions for all of humanity on this amazing planet' is a focus on "Scientific development that will lead to profitable and popular pursuits, including the science of marketing to promote those pursuits".

    The pursuers of profit and popularity clearly have little reason to investigate and educate the population about the potential unacceptability of their pursuits. They may investigate them, but they choose what to promote about their pursuits. And since it is always cheaper if you can get away with a less acceptable action the chase after popularity and profitability naturally leads to a deliberate lack of awareness regarding the unacceptability of things, either because of a lack of investigation (the ones making the money are not interested in understanding the unacceptability of the ir pursuits), or a lack of sharing what has been learned (If the ones making the money become aware of an unacceptablilty related to their pursuits they will not want others to know about that unacceptability).

    And people who pursue personal perceptions of prosperity can have little interest in hearing about the unacceptability of the cheaper ways they have been able to get away with believing they are prosperous. Cheaper ways almost always are more damaging and are ultimately unsustainable limited opportunities that people have to fight to be the biggest beneficiaries of (to the detriment of others).

    The pursuit of profit, pleasure and perceptions of prosperity today can be seen to be the equivalent of religion in the 17th Century. That focus is a barrier to the development and acceptance of increased understanding of what is going on. Popularity and profitability today have clearly been a barrier to the development of human activity toward a lasting better future for all of humanity, just as the unjustified religious beliefs were in the past (and still are in many regions, including in developed nations, on many issues today).

  14. You can’t rush the oceans (why CO2 emission rates matter)

    Hi BC. According to one recent paper:

    "Currently, that capacity is only 70% of what it was at the beginning of the industrial era, it may well be reduced to only 20% by the end of the century."

    ...so the impact of reduced uptake factor is already happening and will get much worse this century.

  15. Corrected sunspot history suggests climate change not due to natural solar trends

    Qikplay, quick questions:

    1. How long is a solar cycle?

    2. What has happened to global mean surface temperature and ocean heat content during the last two solar cycles?

    Show the evidence that forms the basis of your claims.  Do you have numbers?  Do you understand the relative strength of the 11-year solar cycle?  Or are you just acting as a puppet or conduit for the claims of others.

  16. New paper shows that renewables can supply 100% of all energy (not just electricity)

    "A critical review of global decarbonization scenarios: what do they tell us about feasibility?" from that article "Given the multiplicity of feasibility challenges associated simultaneously achieving such rapid rates of energy intensity improvement and low-carbon capacity deployment, it is likely to be both premature and dangerously risky to ‘bet the planet’ on a narrow portfolio of favored low-carbon energy technologies." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1002/wcc.324

    Also from the journal "Nature Geoscience" - "Metals for a low carbon society" http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v6/n11/full/ngeo1993.html

  17. It's the sun

    qikplay @1152.

    You may feel trawling SkS to identify posts to criticise is helpful but do pause a while. The BBC 'myth' addressed in the post here dates to 2004 and was written by David Whitehouse, a man suffering deep denial on AGW. Indeed, he has since been recruited by the GWPF (Gentlemen Who Prefer Fantasy). Whitehouse reports the work of Solanki which have been lost and forgotten by all but AGW deniers. And that is because the evidence, the data and graphs, demonstrates Solanki is plain wrong. You appear to reject the use of "competing graphs and data" as a way examining the unsupported fantasy of the likes of Solanki. How then would you suggest we examine his wild claims?

  18. Ivar Giaever - Nobel Winning Physicist and Climate Pseudoscientist

    braintic @76.

    The room and the match anaolgy, "Iian Samson's problem" (at 27 mins in the video) is new to me. I found no internet comment so I did a quick back-of-the-envelop calculation.

    The ratio of atmosphere to the room is a little bigger than you calculate. Taking the troposphere as 80% of the full atmosphere yields a gas content of 3 x 1016 rooms. The analogy's use of CO2 levels increased by cars alone is a bit curious, but this is usually considered as 10% of the total CO2 emissions, thus perhaps causing +0.22ppm/year.

    That leaves the match. Perhaps Giaever uses giant matches, but the usual sort, the sort used by marchstick model makers weigh 0.11g. With 50% carbon content that puts the answer at one match every 3½ years not 20 years, a significant difference.

  19. Corrected sunspot history suggests climate change not due to natural solar trends

    its obvious we are feeling the effects of the last 2 solar cycles being low, with polar vortexes and snows in August and july in calgary and hawaii respectivly..

  20. Arctic sea ice has recovered

    Rovinpiper - Look at this figure from http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/charctic-interactive-sea-ice-graph/




    Arctic sea ice extent is currently over two standard deviations below "normal".  Now click the "Antarctic" tab and take a look at this one:

     

    Antarctic sea ice extent is currently below "normal". Now consider the respective locations of all that sea ice when the sun is shining on it. The ice at the South Pole is more than a meter thick on midsummer's day!

  21. Here’s what happens when you try to replicate climate contrarian papers

    @12,

     mancan: well written except you forgot one thing in the scientific method.

    Step 7- write the dang report!

    ~X^o'///,<

  22. Hockey stick is broken

    Jim Milks compiled a list of three dozen replications of the hockey stick, and that's only up through 2013.

    Hat tip to Jack Dale via David Appell.

  23. There's no empirical evidence

    Wait!! Isn't that Arya Stark? Is she getting the Many-Faced God to help Dilley? 

    This makes me sad. ;-)

  24. There's no empirical evidence

    Rob, what do you have against Time Lords?!

  25. There's no empirical evidence

    My personal favorite claim on his bio page is this one:

    USAF 1968 - 1872 (Weather Officer - rank Captain)

    Yes, an obvious typo, but humorous none-the-less. That along with the statement that he has an article published on NoTricksZone dated August 28, 2016.

    He seems to be somewhat temporally challenged, in a way that a simple proof reading could cure.

  26. There's no empirical evidence

    Tom Curtis, the odd phrasing of Dilley's bio leaves unclear whether he actually got a B.S. or an M.S. Normally people list "B.S. Meteorology," or "B.S. major in Meteorology," and "M.S. Meteorology, emphasis on climatology." Instead Dilley wrote "studies for B.S." and "studies for M.S." It's possible to audit graduate classes, and in some schools to even take them for credit, without being in that school's Masters program. So maybe he took classes but never got his B.S., or got his B.S. but never got his M.S. His misunderstanding of what causes seasons is evidence that he was incapable of getting either degree.

  27. There's no empirical evidence

    Rob Honeycutt @288, David Dilley claims on his website to have an MA in meteorology, and to have worked with the US Air Force and then NOAA as a meteorologist.  He also claims only two, self published papers on climate, so no peer reviewed publications at all.  His masters thesis appears to not have been published.

    What I find interesting is his claim that:

    "Global temperatures have cooled during the past 12 months. During 2008 and 2009 the first stage of global cooling will cool the world’s temperatures to those observed during the years from the 1940s through the 1970s. By the year 2023 global climate will become similar to the colder temperatures experienced during the 1800s."

    The research justifying the claim is supposedly contained in an e-book for which his website no longer provides links.  The prediction was made no later than August of 2008, so it predicts continued cooling in 2009 to "temperatures ... observed during the years from the 1940s through the 1970s".  For the record, 2009 was 0.1 C warmer than 2008.  It was also 0.6 C warmer than the 1940-1979 average, and 0.46 C warmer then the 95th percentile of 1940-1979 global temperatures (GISS LOTI).  No year since 2008 (when the prediction was made) has been as cool as, let alone cooler than 2008.

    For his 2023 prediction to be valid, global temperatures must fall by more than 0.1 C per year for eight years running - a rapidity of temperature change not witnessed at any time in the modern record.  No doubt that prediction will be a bust as well.

    As a predictions of global temperatures, these are among the most spectacular fails ever seen.  It is also inconsistent with his claim to be a reliable predictor of short term climate and ENSO states in general.  Consequently it is no surprise to find no archived copies of his predictions at his website.  We 'know' he is a successful predictor only because in 2015 he tells us what his predictions for the years up to 2015 were. 

  28. There's no empirical evidence

    Oh, and ringingrocks, if you are actually skeptical (not simply doubtful), you might want to reverse your research process.  Start with the basic physics and work from there.

  29. There's no empirical evidence

    Oh, and we already are on our way to that 2025 catastrophic global low temperature, Diller claims, because global temperature peaked in 2012 and has been cooling ever since. Really, that's still on his web site.

  30. There's no empirical evidence

    ringingrocks: The credibility of David Diller is low, given that he claims to be able to accurately predict ENSO events (El Nino & La Nina) and hurricanes four years in advance, yet does not show his past predictions versus the realities, despite him having been in his business for 25 years. He also claims to accurately predict earthquakes. And claims that in 2025 global temperatures will hit a catastrophically major low. And then there is this astonishingly wrong claim that a grade schooler could correct, but which apparently is a key basis for his predictions: "The gravitational cycles of the moon and sun cause the seasonal tilts of the earth's axis and the 4 seasons."

  31. There's no empirical evidence

    ringingrocks... Your video from David A. Dilley is rather long and wide ranging, but has a large amount of incorrect information. You can easily go through each of the myths listed on the top left of this blog page and see responses to each and every issue.

    Overall, best I can make out, Mr. Dilley does not have the credentials that he claims. A quick search on google scholar doesn't turn up any published research by a DA Dilley on any climate related issue. You're probably better served by sticking with actual researchers in the field of climate science.

  32. Arctic sea ice has recovered

    ringingrocks... This is probably not the appropriate thread to be asking general questions about climate change. This thread is specific to Arctic sea ice. I will post a response on the "Empirical evidence" thread.

  33. Arctic sea ice has recovered

    Hi folks. I'm trying to get my head around the climate change science. I tend towards being sceptical, I am open to updating and correcting mu opinions. There's been a lot of sensationalism about this topic, and the reporting has flip-flopped all over the place for years. So I ran across this video on youtube that seems worthy of consideration. If any of you have some time to have a look and share your thooughts, I'd be grateful. Thanks.

    mobile.wnd.com/2015/08/mankind-threatened-by-global-cooling-not-warming/#ooid=MzYmo2dzpIBBM5k69b8gzRMIrdpIrtFQ

  34. It's cosmic rays

    Quikplay, if you read carefully, you will see that the myth is that "It is cosmic rays" that is causing the current warming, or more correctly, it is a paucity of cosmic rays that cause the warming.  There is no claim that it is a myth that cosmic rays exist.  Nor is there any claim that it is a myth that cloud extent effects global temperatures.  Nor is there any claim that it is a myth that cosmic rays seed clouds.

    As to your anecdotes, yes it snowed in July on Hawaii at 13,000 feet.  At that altitude, with the normal lapse rates temperatures are 26 C less than surface temperatures due to altitude.  As it happens, the temperature in Hawaii at sea level on the day of the snow (July 17th) was a 90 F (32 C) maximum, and 79 F (26 C) minimum, 2 and 5 F above average respectively.  Noting the average July minimum temperature, it is evident that snow in July on the mountain peaks is a rarity primarilly due to lack of thunderstorms early in the day to lift the humidity that high.

    As to Calgary, on average it snows in August in Calgary every ten years or so.  And you want to count that as evidence of a "mini-ice age"?  As somebody just said, "lol feeling stupid [much]?" 

    Meanwhile you are ignoring the massive, and extended heat wave in the state of Washington, the heat wave in  the heat wave in Pakistan that killed 2000 people, and the heat wave in India which caused the deaths of 2,500 people, as well as the heat waves in Europe, and China.  In fact, you ignore all the evidence that show 2015 to be the hottest year todate by a large margin, which along with a significant El Nino is causing predictions 2015 will be the warmest year on record:

    So please, no more demonstrations of your complete lack of reading comprehension (ie, your persistent and obtuse misidentification of the myth); and no more cherry picking.

  35. PhilippeChantreau at 08:10 AM on 31 August 2015
    It's cosmic rays

    That's it already? Down with GCRs and jumping to the next thing? How boringly typical. Two suggestions, if you want to discuss the role of the Sun:

    1-go to the appropriate thread

    2- drop the YouTube horse puckey and start with published scientific litterature.

  36. It's cosmic rays

    can you comment on the correlation between the sun and climate and the graph they show that shows the correlation.

    Moderator Response:

    [RH] The correlation was faked by Durkin.

    [TD] Also, read the SkS post "It's the Sun"--the Basic tabbed pane, then watch the video lower on that page, then read the Intermediate one, then the Advanced one. If you want to comment further on the Sun, do so on that thread, not this one.

  37. It's cosmic rays

      wtach from 30minutes

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D-m09lKtYT4

    Moderator Response:

    [RH] I think you need to watch this video that shows how Durkin fraudulently altered the materials, to the point where even skeptics complained.

    [TD] Also watch the video by Peter Sinclair, on that Durkin's fake documentary and in particular his fakery regarding the Sun and cosmic rays.

  38. How to make sense of 'alarming' sea level forecasts

    I feel like the question of whether the new study from Hansen's group is accurate is not the right question. IMHO the right questions are:

    1) Is is possible that the study is correct?

    2) Even if it is not, willl sea level rise be great enough to cause us serious trouble?

    3) How confident are we with the answer to #2?

    4) After the sea rises, is there anything we can do to reverse it?

    The answers are 1) Yes, 2) Yes, 3) Very 4) No.

    Hence the urgent need to cut CO2 emissions as soon and as much as possible.

  39. PhilippeChantreau at 07:16 AM on 31 August 2015
    It's cosmic rays

    Qikplay, your lists of anecdotal blurbs is not even funny. Have you even tried to figure what the global temperatures have been so far this year? And last year, the warmest on record? With the immense majority of glaciers receding and loosing mass all over the world? It seems that your participation here is another thing not deserving of any attention. It seems the snow in Calgary has not prevented the region from enacting a fire ban. And what was the wildfire season like this year in Canada again? Do you honestly think that, on a website where scientific evidence is discussed, you rantings would have a chance to sway anyone? An ice age eh? Illustrated by a Arctic sea ice once again below average by more than 2 standard deviations? Makes perfect sense right?

    Per environement Canada, the long term trend 1948-2013 for winter temperatures is +3.2 degrees C. The annual average has increased by 1.6 degrees over the past 67 years. Some ice age that is. Personally I think that moderators summarily delete such obvious nonsense as your last post.

  40. It's cosmic rays

    no clear evidence for GCRs actually being a significant factor

    Yes, but that's a far cry from 'doesn't exist' dont you think? 

    Moderator Response:

    [RH] Your concern has been addressed already, saying that GCRs are responsible for global warming is the myth. You're going to have to find a way to accept that and move on. Repeating the same error is considered sloganeering is not allowed here.

  41. PhilippeChantreau at 06:58 AM on 31 August 2015
    It's cosmic rays

    It's even worse than Rob suggests. The hypothesis is that GCRs seed clouds and that the resulting cloud cover modulation is a forcing, i.e. responsible for the current warming. Not only there is still no clear evidence for GCRs actually being a significant factor in nebulosity, but the recent GCR count shows an increase, which would mean more cloud and a cooling effect. This whole idea that GCRs influence the climate is a joke, coming from people so desperate to distract attention that they will grasp at the most feeble of straws. It does not deserve any attention whatsoever.

  42. It's cosmic rays

    OK, sorry for the rude all caps shit..

    BUT (whoops) You don't say something is a 'myth' then admit that it's not a myth in the first paragraph of your commentary! what are you thinking.. it's not a myth, rather its extent a bone of contension between you and other scientists, pundits etc..

    you don't say something doesn't exist, oh but actually it exists just not that much.. big difference there and talk about being misleading perhaps you should take this off your 'myths' section lol feeling stupid?

     

    and the reason its not responsible for the recent warming is that there is recent cooling like snow in calgary in august, snow in hawaii in july, polar vortex in 2014..how long do you think you can keep up this sham that the mini-ice age isn't really happening? (snip)

    Moderator Response:

    [RH] Please be more careful. I'm going to drop out of commenting here and just moderate. You really need to go carefully read through the commenting policy before continuing to post. 

  43. It's cosmic rays

    qikplay... The myth would be that GCR are responsible for warming of the past 50 years. That GCR are "not very effective" at seeding clouds suggests that they are, in fact, not responsible for recent warming.

  44. New paper shows that renewables can supply 100% of all energy (not just electricity)

    Also much larger turbines are being built and at 140 meters their capacity factors usually exceeds 60%. Furthermore the wind at that height is available in many more locations. 

  45. New paper shows that renewables can supply 100% of all energy (not just electricity)

    I'm a bit late to these comments too. The idea that renewable energy needs rare earths is outdated. As somebody already pointed out it is not used in normal solar panels. What has not been mentioned is that modern gearless wind turbine magnets only use .7% or less dysprosium and will soon use none. The neodymium may be considered rare but there is an endless supply throughout the world making the term "rare" not appropriate. For reference read the last three paragraphs of this BBC article: http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-26687605

  46. It's cosmic rays

    I like the way you write this, "The body of scientific research has determined that GCRs are actually not very effective at seeding clouds."


    'not very effective'  so it's not a 'myth'


    don't say it's a myth and then admit that it's not a myth in the first paragraph of your editorial!  That's called a fallacy of logic, something you people seem to excel at.

    Moderator Response:

    [Rob P] - All caps edited out - please note the comments policy that you agreed to adhere to when commenting here.

    As for logic: note that the rebuttal points out that GCR's have increased in recent decades -which should have seeded more clouds and induced a cooling effect. Instead the Earth has warmed dramatically. The bottom graphic is very unintuitive though.

  47. New paper shows that renewables can supply 100% of all energy (not just electricity)

    scaddenp et al.

    Arriving at this discussion somewhat belatedly, it seems appropriate to point out at this juncture that Ricardo said recently they have designed a low cost, rare earth free EV motor:

    http://www.ricardo.com/en-GB/News--Media/Press-releases/News-releases1/2015/Ricardo-develops-next-generation-electric-vehicle-motor-/

  48. The 1C Milestone

    I would put it this way: "Safe" ≠ "benign."

    Yes, indeed, Rob. It also appears to be true that 2C is not necessarily safe; there is no science which says it is. Kevin Anderson has said this and James Hansen has said this.

    We may already be in unsafe territory at 1C (maybe 2C) with more already built in and, as ranyl pointed out, aerosols are masking some of the rise, so any decrease in burning fossil fuels (or maybe even a slowing of the increas), though necessary long term, could make matters worse over the medium term. To my mind, we're already in the non-benign range.

  49. How to make sense of 'alarming' sea level forecasts

    SLR (sea level rise) estimates can only rise. A ratchering process in estimates is due to the trained conservatism of scientists, and the political make up of the IPCC pannel. As such, we must develop technologies to control SLR. We need to expand our sense of what is possible because we will have not choice SLR and agricultural inhospitability are programed into the world unfolding. To deny the possiblity of creating solutions is unwise.

  50. How to make sense of 'alarming' sea level forecasts
    Charlie, the source is hyperlinked, https://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/unfccc/cop19/3_gregory13sbsta.pdfGuessing from the URL the linked version is a "COP19" paper rather than the actual AR5 report.The AR5 text does gives the 1993 - 2010 numbers, and "1.7 [1.5 to 1.9] mm yr between 1901 and 2010" (which is very similar to the 1901 - 1990 figures above).

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