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All IPCC definitions taken from Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Working Group I Contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Annex I, Glossary, pp. 941-954. Cambridge University Press.

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Comments 38551 to 38600:

  1. 2014 SkS Weekly News Roundup #6

    The hyperlink for "How to convince your friends to believe in climate change" is broken.

    Moderator Response:

    [DB] Fixed, thanks!

  2. williamfreimuth at 02:52 AM on 9 February 2014
    Establishing consensus is vital for climate action

    Excellent! It is my firm belief that DENIAL denial and it's inertia is causing the entire human race to sit on the train.....heading for the cliff. Environmentalists have moved to the back.

    Moderator Response:

    [JH} The use of all caps is prohibited by the SkS Comments Policy. Please read and adhere to the policy in future posts. 

  3. One Planet Only Forever at 02:15 AM on 9 February 2014
    2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    Topal,

    The ENSO strength of consequences will be greater due to the warmer global system it is occurring in.

    Human activity does not 'create ENSO'. Human acivity has led to the capture of more solar energy which is increasing the energy of the climate system (warming of the surface being one clear measure of that added energy in the system, but warming of the deeper oceans also being due to that human impact).

    One item to note about the NOAA OSI in the link in my first comment is they have 'updated the baseline temperature value for idenifying an El Nino'. This is because the long term average of the surface of the Pacific has been warming. So the circulation conditions creating an El Nino now produce an even warmer average surface in the Pacific.

    It is all adding up because of human impacts.

  4. One Planet Only Forever at 02:08 AM on 9 February 2014
    2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    Markoh,

    I am definitely striving to help the least fortunate, by hoping that many among the more fortunate who are currently callously creating the greater harm for those less fortunate, get 'awakened from their greedy stupor'.

    The reality of the result of their callous behaviour is clear to me. It unfortunately needs to be 'clear to them'.

    The tragedy resulting from the next strong ENSO needs to be squarely and clearly 'blamed on all those who have chosen not to accept the climate science and the resulting need to stop trying to benefit from burning fossil fuels'. The only acceptable benefit from that unsustainable and damaging activity would be exclusive short term benefits for the less developed least fortunate to help the poorest of the poor develop through to a way of living that is sustainable and not damaging (what the most fortunate should have already been doing for 20 years).

    I consider the very informed and intelligent people who have been carefully but deliberately trying to keep public opinion from growing 'against allowing continuation of benefiting from the burning of fossil fuels by any people except temporary development benefit for the very least fortunate' to be the most despicable. I consider their deliberate actions trying to promote unsustainable and damaging attitudes and activities to prolong the benefits obtained by the callous greedy are almost 'criminal'. Burning fossil fuels for benefit is not 'too essential to curtail'. Sure, there are many people who believe they are wealthy. But is that believed wealth is from burning fossil fuels it is make-believe wealth that needs to be wiped from the global socio-economic system. Anyone still gambling on benefiting that way has had 20 years of warning. It is time for those undeserving callous greedy people to lose the full value of their unsustainable and damaging gambles.

  5. 2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    @One Planet: "The next strong ENSO will happen regardless of human actions."

    Agreed. And it will inevitably warm the planet.

    "The severity of it will be significantly due to the lack of reduction of impacts by the 'most fortunate' among our predecessors."

    Can you elaborate on that. What exactly will determine its severity; our predessors, your ancestors? How severe will it be?

    I'm still looking for the anthropogenic footprint in the natural process called ENSO.

  6. Establishing consensus is vital for climate action

    "Political debate" is not the solution, it's the problem.  Political debate is polarizing.  In political debate, facts are not checked, wins are by popularity and/or mudslinging contest, "balance" and equivalence is awarded any opinion that can afford to speak.

  7. Establishing consensus is vital for climate action

    Good point, in my quest, if often confront deniers with that objective. Although I am weak in detailed technical knowledge relative to that found here, I am very effective. I know I have made a point when the worker's comment thread is removed from the discussion. I can also tell by the careless twists and turns in their arguments that they don't care about the point of discussion but only offering doubt. When the political issue is addressed, with simple brushing away doubt on the basis of scinetific consensus, they often change tactic, or wipe out their own conversation in order to remove mine.

    A genuinely convinced person does not twist like that, they just get mad, and will  not comment anymore. In case you are not familiar with my quest, I want people to consider the real solution, which Pluvinergy offers. Most sites do not see my work spam. Becasue, most conversations are dichotomous; there is nothing that climate change will not affect.

  8. David Thornton at 23:42 PM on 8 February 2014
    New Video: Climate, Jetstream, Polar Vortex

    Here in the UK a super active jet stream has for the past 2 months been sending deep depressions, one after the other, across the Atlantic, with storm force winds and giving the south the wettest winter for over 200 years.  Coastal defences have been battered away (including a coastal railway line), and large parts of Somerset have been under water for months - people have been evacuated from their homes and villages abandoned.  More heavy rain and gales are forecast for the foreseeable future.

  9. 2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    One Planet. I have a concern for humanity and would never wish bad on the helpless. 

  10. Michael Whittemore at 18:58 PM on 8 February 2014
    Google Earth: how much has global warming raised temperatures near you?

    If i could have some more clarity on the topic, are each of uthese data sets raw or have they been corrected for urban heat effect? I want to use this data but want to know if it's the raw data or not. I know that when they do global estimates they take it into account. 

  11. Debunking climate myths: two contrasting case studies

    I do not like the bomb thing (rotting apples vs. contaminated dead or starving oranges). But I do like the underlying message. In showing how absurd and blatantly false this "it stopped warming since [whenever]" gibberish really is, tamino has found a visually appealing answer recently (I think).

    Hypothesis: "Warming has stopped in 1998":

    Hypothesis

    Measured data:

    Measured data

    Putting this into a nicer graphic and you should have another "Escalator".

  12. Google Earth: how much has global warming raised temperatures near you?

    Of course. See here for discussion and papers.

  13. Michael Whittemore at 14:54 PM on 8 February 2014
    Google Earth: how much has global warming raised temperatures near you?

    Are these data sets altered to take into consideration urban heat? 

  14. 2014 SkS News Bulletin #1: Keystone XL Pipeline

    All politicians need to be seen to say 'yes', not 'no'.  Yeah, its stupid, but there it is.  Hence, if we say yes to solar and wind, and electric and hydrogen powered vehicles (the hydrogen gotten by solar-hydrolysis of water), then the natural IMPETUS impetus of the trends will overwhelm fossil fuels REGARDLESS regardless of any 'yes' votes given on behalf of fossil fuels.  SUPPORT support solar and wind, and fossil is history.  Even without a punative action AGAINST against fossil for destroying Nature (and, I might as well mention though its 'not important', killing 5 million people every year with their exhaust products), the trend over the last 20 years is that renewables are going to overtake fossils, in pricing and installed base, ANYWAY anyway.  So why risk a possible Republican Senate in 2014, because you felt you had to 'take it to fossil fuels'?  This would be disastrous for America, but not for those fighting Global Warming, since fossils are soon going to be overtaken by events anyway.

    "First they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, then you win."  You win because you kept at it, not because you engaged in a fight.  The PHYSICAL physical impetus is with solar and wind - thats the history of the last 20 years.  Don't engage in a politically expensive battle.  Don't react to challenges of a fight.  Just put your shoulder to the wheel and push.  Keep in mind 2 things: 1)in a decade solar and wind with be the low-cost alternatives anyway and, 2)in a decade everyone and his great aunt are going to get the reality of climate change, and what is causing it.  In the meantime, I think America could be hurt by an action against Keystone.  Hurt in ways far beyond the issue of AGW.

    Moderator Response:

    [JH] The SkS Comments Policy prohibits the use of all caps. Please comply with this policy in your future posts.

  15. One Planet Only Forever at 11:24 AM on 8 February 2014
    2014 SkS News Bulletin #1: Keystone XL Pipeline

    Unfortunately we still live in times when 'democracy' is misunderstood to be 'the wealthy majority gets its way'.

    Democracy needs to be the protection of everyone from the unsustainable and damaging pusuits and desires of others.
     And it is time to clarify that to be protection of 'future humans and all opther life' from the unsustainable and damaging pusuits and desires of others.

    Anything less than implementation of that form of 'democracy' is unsustainable and unacceptably damaging.

    Popularity needs to be understood to only really matter in things like 'entertainment ratings'. The best undertanding constantly developed and improved through additional research needs to 'rule', even if it isn't popular.

  16. One Planet Only Forever at 11:13 AM on 8 February 2014
    2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    Markoh, I share ESOP's 'sentiment'. The lack of an ENSO event since 1997-98 as powerful as that one was has fueled far too much 'unacceptable belief' about what is going on.

    Some people seek any excuse to 'refuse' to better understand what is going on (I say refuse because they are choosing not to better understand this issue and so many other issues). They correctly sense that they will not be able to enjoy as much benefit if 'popular opinion' fails to support those unsustainable and damaging activities they enjoy benefiting from.

    The next strong ENSO will happen regardless of human actions. The severity of it will be significantly due to the lack of reduction of impacts by the 'most fortunate' among our predecessors. Into the future, the increased harm will be due to the deliberate lack of understanding among the current generation and demands that 'their popular interest must be accepted'. They already make absurd claims like "life would be horrible without burning fossil fuels the way they do". If everyone's lifestyle matched the fossil fuel burning habits of the biggest per-capita impacters that lifestyle would be over in a moment, with massive battles among the population fighting to get the most of the last possible benefits.

    This is a really serious issue. But it is only regarding one of the many fundamentally unsustainable and damaging activities in the current global economy that not only have no future, they damage the future others will have to try to live in.

    The next strong ENSO event will hopefully wake more of the global population out of their greed induced stupor. That awakening is essential for the development of a sustainable better future for all life on this amazing planet.

  17. 2014 SkS News Bulletin #1: Keystone XL Pipeline

    If the White House were keeping Keystone "above political influence" it would have been rejected without question. 

  18. 2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    ESOP. So you would wish for a big El Niño knowing that it would mean drought, death and disease to South Eastern Africa? I couldn't do that. I'm one hoping El Niño stays away. 

  19. 2014 SkS News Bulletin #1: Keystone XL Pipeline

    While I grasp that building the pipeline makes getting the oil out of this region of Canada easier and thus could result in the release of vast amounts of CO2 over the coming decades if nations keep buring fossil fuels, including tar-sands oil, in an unabated fashion going forward, I don't see how building the pipeline means all or even most of the tar-sands will be exploited.

    That is, it seems readily apparent to me that a rational carbon tax--one that taxes fossil fuels according to their relative carbon loads--would render tar-sands oil prohibitively expensive compared to other fossil fuels, which would in turn be taxed at a rate that encouraged a transition to renewable green energy sources as they come on line. In other words, my understanding is that a robust, rational carbon tax scheme would impose taxes on fuels based on their carbon footprint, and since tar-sands-derived oil has a significantly larger carbon footprint than "conventional" oil, it would therefore be assessed a commensurately higher tax. If Canada refused to do this at the "wellhead", couldn't the US impose a tax on the incoming oil?

    In any event, of this is not how a carbon tax scheme is supposed to work, then I must be missing something fairly basic and would appreciate being corrected. I'd especially appreciate being set straight, since in my mind I have long imagined that the necessary carrot aspect of a carbon tax stick is that it makes it more cost effective for fuel users to shift to greener energy sources. It thus seems to me that the key goal of any carbon tax a nation or group of nations might impose would be to price the highest carbon fuels out of the market, wherever they come from. If that isn't the idea, then what is?


    Ubrew--regarding keyboards, I'm not sure the notion of having "invented" a layout applies to the process of coming up with more efficient keyboard layouts. My understanding is that all you need to do to make a more efficient layout is to place the most frequently used characters on the "home row" and then distribute the other keys based on the frequency with which they are used. People had access to this kind of information at the start of the typewriter age but I believe at the time the technology they had made such layouts problematic.

    Moderator Response:

    [JH] Given the state of national politics in both Canada and the US, the prospects for  enacting a carbon tax in either country in the near-term future are very slim. 

  20. 2014 SkS News Bulletin #1: Keystone XL Pipeline

    Re: the article by Michael Mann (in the Guardian) is quite good, especially his points about Path Dependency and Presidential Leadership.  I knew a guy who invented an alternative for the "qwerty" keyboard in the 1930's, but it never caught on, even though you could type much faster on it.

    But there's another aspect of 'Presidential Leadership' to point out: the pipeline may be irrelevent.  For the last 20 years, solar PV generation has doubled, globally, every two years.  Only 8 more doublings (16 yrs), and solar PV can power the entire world.  And with each doubling, the cost per panel drops by 40% (google 'citibank energy darwinism').  Renewable technologies, like Wind and Solar, are exploding right now, and the energy landscape is unlikely to look, in a decade, anything like it does today.  For example, Citi calculates that in just six years, Solar PV will be the cost-choice for residential power most places on Earth, and Wind will be the cost-choice for utility-scale power everywhere. Not for nothing did Warren Buffett just plunk down a billion of his own money on Windmills in Iowa.  The smart money is already fleeing fossils: over 70% of investment in power generation in the next 2 decades, according to Citi, will be directed at renewable energy.

    They will likely approve Keystone because there's an election six months later.  But America is about to be overrun by events, having proven itself unable to anticipate them.

    Moderator Response:

    [JH] The majority of the tar sands bitumen will be refined into either gasoline or diesel fuel for the transportation sector.

  21. Tom Harris' Carleton University Climate Misinformation Class

    There is another exact copy saved of the EPA Endangerment and Causing or Contributing Findings for Greenhouse Gases under Section 202(a) of the Clean Air Act document here:
    http://schuhlaw.com/endangerment.html

    It appears that the EPA does not provide this outline anymore. I hope this helps you out!

  22. Debunking climate myths: two contrasting case studies

    I like Hiroshima bombs.  It is recognized by everyone and indicates the seriousness of the situation.

  23. Debunking climate myths: two contrasting case studies

    How about power plants? 4 Hiroshima bombs = 50,000 power plants (Did I do the calculation right?). Seems impressive to me.

  24. 2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    And while parts of the US are chilly due to the displaced Arctic air, what about the Arctic, where that air was supposed to be?

    Well, for example at Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen, the average for the last 30 days is a silly 23.5F (13.1C) above normal:

    http://www.yr.no/place/Norway/Svalbard/Longyearbyen/statistics.html

    Not just the last 30 days, look at the curve for the past year.

     

    The deniers should not be too happy, though, since a much, much warmer than normal Arctic will mean less Arctic sea ice, and we all know that the ''skeptics'' themselves into a corner about that last fall by claiming that the bottom had been reached and it was all recovery from 2013 and on.

    The tragic thing is that they can to a despicable degree spout BS like that and still not being held to task by the very MSM (that they lied to in 2013), when the record very likely gets beaten sometime before the end of 2016.

    Moderator Response:

    [PW] In order to facilitate better communication, I'd strongly suggest ceasing using the term 'deniers;" it's as disrespectful as when dismissives--the more widely-acceptable term for those who reject all the standing scince that supports the AGW theory, according to Yale research--use the term 'alarmists.'

  25. Debunking climate myths: two contrasting case studies

    What about a large, infamous forest fire?  Perhaps the Yosemite and/or Colorado Springs fires?  Or the total firepower expenditure of WWII (minus Hiroshima/Nagasaki) or Vietnam?  Or Pinatubos?

  26. Debunking climate myths: two contrasting case studies

    My personal experience is that very few people have an issue with the Hiroshima bomb analogy. People that do have an issue, however, tend to make a spectacle of themselves. Which of course attracts attention and likely alters any bystander's perception.

    SkS contributors had a very heated discussion over this, but in the end no one was able to come up with a 'stickier' metaphor. Your suggestions are no improvement, but if someone is able to come up with something 'stickier' than Hiroshima..........   

  27. Klaus Flemløse at 02:41 AM on 8 February 2014
    Google Earth: how much has global warming raised temperatures near you?

    Here is another example of double counting.

    It is difficult to argue that there are two different stations placed in the Baltics Sea.

    I have visited the place several times and there is no weather stations out there in the Baltic Sea. The weather station sits close to the lighthouse.

    This describes the problem with differences betweenthe metadata in the 16 archieves BEST is using.

  28. 2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    "Australia last year had the warmest Day ever recorded, the warmest month, and the warmest year ever recorded since accurate record keeping began (150 years)."

    And CONUS is only about 5% larger than Australia.  So the fact that half of CONUS has had a cold winter (by recent definitions of "cold") apparently, disproves global warming despite a big chunk of CONUS having unusually warm and dry weather (worst drought known in CA, severe drought in OR and WA) and Australia's warmest year on record.

    That's interesting logic ...

  29. Debunking climate myths: two contrasting case studies

    OK, ok, nobody likes the Hiroshima analogy. But there has to be something better than kitten sneezes. You need some BIG energy user, preferably with heat as its basis. How about traincars of coal or US energy consumption? Or...?

  30. 2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    #21 (Markoh):

    An El Nino will likely bring a new record and that means that the denier claims of ''no warming since...'' will have much less impact among at least moderately educated folks.

    Ie. for those of us who wish to see meaningful action done to reduce the likelihood of a completely messed up climate in the future, having the public see and feel what is going on now is a lot better than having a monster Nino wreak havoc closer to 2020. The deniers are having massive success with help from the MSM, lying to a largely completely clueless public about AGW since they are helped by repeated La Ninas that mask the surface warming.

    However, for those who for various reasons do not want to cut emissions, I guess they keep their fingers crossed for another La Nina and further masking of the warming signal, so they can continue lying to the public and still have a chance of being listened to.

    Same goes for Arctic sea ice. We know from basic physics and the long term trend that it is doomed, so pretending to be happy for another year of ''recovery'' is like pretending to be happy that the canary in the coalmine appears fine while miners are dropping dead around it.

     

  31. 2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    Topal@3

    What part of the term "Global Warming" do you not understand.  It means the warming of the entire planet, averaged out as a whole.  So why then do you think a single colder than normal winter in 2% of the globe falisfies it?

    Australia last year had the warmest Day ever recorded, the warmest month, and the warmest year ever recorded since accurate record keeping began (150 years).  That in itself does not prove Global Warming.  Individual records do not prove anything, it is the overall trend, averaged out over many years that is important.

    So comments like:

    "The winter months of December 2013 and January 2014 averaged over the contiguous 48 United States were the 3rd coldest Dec/Jan in the last 30 years."

    Are entirely meaningless in this context.

  32. One Planet Only Forever at 01:37 AM on 8 February 2014
    2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    Topal,

    You are not alone in struggling to better understand this issue. Many people continue to make many similar claims. Other posts have tried to help you better understand this issue. I offer the following.

    The graph showing the global average temperatures not only shows the bumped values during El Nino and the reduced values during La Ninas. It shows how much variation can occur just because of the condition of the ENSO at any given time. But the important point is that the global average is what needs to be tracked. The surface of the Pacific varies by far more than 10ths of a degree.

    A rather basic measure of the Pacific Surface temperature variations can be seen at the following site. Note that this is not a full evaluation of the ENSO and its ability to influence the global average (that which involves the timing and strength and patterns of trade wind circulations and other considerations).

    http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/ensostuff/ensoyears.shtml

    As can be seen the '3 month averages' of the overall zone being measured fluctuate by many degrees C. Regions within the zone being averaged have even higher variations. That regional short-term fluctuation can also be seen to not be 'truly cyclical in timing or strength'.

    However, as the graph in this article clearly shows, the average trend line of the widely fluctuating global surface average annual surface temperature is what really needs to be noted.

    So, to better understand what changes are occurring, it is important to also follow the global average temperature values. And it is important to review a long time series of data since there are many random significant factors creating fluctuations of even the global average values.

    Another way of looking at the changes over time is to compare every new year's global average temperature to the value 20 or 30 years prior. In the graph it is clear that every new year has been significantly warmer than those 'previous years'.

    A final point has to be the amount of global average temperature 'warming'. As can clearly be seen the warming is less than 1 degrees C. With the global average warming being so small (yet very significant even though ‘it is small’), and the many reports of how the warming of the Arctic and the Antarctic has been more than other regions of the planet, it should be clearer why it can still get cold in the US 'in spite of the warming'. A concern should be the increasing frequency of freezing temperatures reaching down to places like Florida due to the 'predicted weakening of the jet stream' which allows Arctic air masses to be pushed further south more frequently.

    I hope that helps.

  33. Debunking climate myths: two contrasting case studies

    I see a couple of problems with the suggested debunk of myth #1.  One, is you really don't want a politician communicating it.  That Obama cites the 97% is enough to consider it automatically wrong in many circles.  And Gore's "Inconvenient Truth" may have done as much harm as good.  Second, I've heard it said that there are people who claim that 97% of scientists are convinced of global warming but that is because they are all getting grant money from Big Nuclear or green power sources.  And I hear the argument that there is plenty of science on the other side, insisting on peer-review is cherry picking.  Yes, I've actually heard that said with a straight face.

  34. Michael Whittemore at 00:50 AM on 8 February 2014
    2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    My comment at 22 is wrong Dana is spot on as usual. :)

  35. Michael Whittemore at 00:48 AM on 8 February 2014
    2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    Markoh, I personally think that El Nino's are natural and knowing they will happen soon and help the public see that the Earth is getting warmer is a good thing. Like what was stated before, we can feel fine about them because they don't last very long, unlike man made CO2.

  36. Michael Whittemore at 00:39 AM on 8 February 2014
    How Increasing Carbon Dioxide Heats The Ocean

    Geoengineering might work well if the sun was blocked from hitting the oceans in areas where there is not much life. Also reducing sun light from hitting the Arctic might help sea ice stay in summer and increase its volume. 

  37. Michael Whittemore at 00:21 AM on 8 February 2014
    2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    "Climate scientists didn't panic and decide the short-term acceleration in rising surface temperatures (didn't mean)? that climate models were underestimating global warming"

     

  38. Australia’s hottest year was no freak event: humans caused it

    @Barry

    Hi Barry, not sure if you are still monitoring this article but ...

    that while solar exposure is (very convincingly) the primary reason why 2013 was hot relative to 1990-2013, it is not the reason why 1990-2013 was hot relative to 1910-1939.

    If you check bom sites that have temperature records that go back to the late 19th century, the hottest year is usually 1888 or early  20th century.  One perticularly interesting location is the Cape Otway lighthouse where records go back to 1865.  All the top 95 percentile are pre 1890.

  39. 2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    Esop, you must be the only person that I have heard of that is hoping and wanting a bad El Niño In 2015. You sure?

  40. There's no tropospheric hot spot

    Wouldn't the fact that the warming is in fact concentrated at the poles this past decade or so,  and the low latitude ocean surface temps being dominated by a quiet ENSO so having not had a lot of warming lately (owing to the heat being carried into the deep ocean), make it reasonable that an effect that is ascribed to warming of the area SHOULD weaken when the area is not warming that much?  


    Just sayin...  If one is looking for this in the tropical troposphere as something that is happening ALL the time one may be ignoring what is actually happening SOME of the time. 

  41. 2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    topal @18

    You are making a really elementary mistake.

    The MST (mean surface temp) is computed from all the different areas of the planet. So, ENSO causes the temp to rise or fall in one part of the planet, and that is reflected in the value of MST.

    What you have to do is stop using the ambiguous verb "warm" and replace it with the correct language specific to the context:

    Greenhouse gases "increase the energy" of the entire system.

    ENSO "increases or decreases the temperature" measured as MST.

    Hope that helps.

     

  42. Klaus Flemløse at 22:02 PM on 7 February 2014
    Google Earth: how much has global warming raised temperatures near you?

     

    Hi Tom Curtis

    Here is the Google Map picture of the double counted Vestervig weather station. There is only one Vestervig weather station.

  43. 2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    Topal,

    Obviously the energy that is added comes from AGW.  Before AGW, the energy would be radiated into space.  The argument that El Nino creates enough energy to heat the globe does not stand up to any examination because there is no energy source available except AGW.

  44. 2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    @One Planet ...

    "The main point made by the article was that even without the significant temporary bump of global average temperatures that occur due to a strong El Nino is acting, 2013 was a very warm year compared to others"

    So we can conclude that an El Nino increases the temperature. But El Nino just displaces energy that was accumulated in the ocean, it doesn't generate any warming, so the energy added to the energy budget of the globe must come from another source. What is it?

    You seem to assume that after an El Nino the global temperature returns to the precedent level before another El Nino occurs. This is not the case, since there is no opposite forcing that can remove energy from the globe, other than by natural processes, independant of ENSO. Hence energy can accumulate and higher temperature can persist when the next El Nino hits.

  45. 2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    Topal,

    Your claim that it was cold in the USA the last two months is simply false.  According to the NOAA record table here, since January 1 there have been 121 monthly hot records set and 71 monthly cold records set.  The monthly records are more extreme records than the daily records so they reflect more extreme records (there are more dailly cold records).  This data set does not show 2 month data, but December was not as cold as January.  How could there have been more record hot temperatures set if it was cold?  

    The yearly data show 258 all time hot records set and only 39 all time cold records.  Obviously all time hot records cannot be set in the winter so we have to use the yearly data.  There is no comparison between the recent mildly cold weather and the scorching hot summers we have suffered through recently.  If we looked at the all time record hot 2012 data there were many more hot records.

    What you really mean is: while the West Coast and Alaska suffered historic record high temperatures, the Midwest and East coasts had a winter that was typical fifty years ago.  Since AGW made it so hot for the past 30 years, people who refuse to read the historic records think it is cold.

    It was only cold in 1/2 of the CONUS.  You have to discard the Alaska data and half the CONUS to claim it was cold.  That reduces the affected area of the globe to about 0.8% of the globe that had a typical winter for 50 years ago.

  46. Google Earth: how much has global warming raised temperatures near you?

    Klaus Flemlose @8, I have read some of your evidence and I am not convinced that BEST have in fact double counted.  There is enough difference between similarly located stations, specifically with respect to latitude, longitude and elevation data, that they may represent differnt but closely located stations (of which there is an extensive history in climatology).  Nor am I convinced that you are wrong.  I do think, based on the data to hand, BEST should look very closely at the stations that you have identified to ensure that they are not double counting stations.  Likewise, however, you should qualify your claims unless you get some more extensive data.

    As a further, and very tentative point, from what I know of the BEST algorithm, double counting a few stations in a region with very many stations will not appreciably effect their temperature record.  I would, however, like to see that intuition confirmed or denierd by somebody like Kevin C, who has a real grasp of the intricacies involved.

  47. Klaus Flemløse at 20:43 PM on 7 February 2014
    Google Earth: how much has global warming raised temperatures near you?
    1. BEST and CRU are both using Google Map to document they results. That’s very positive.
    2. BEST has made a few double counting of Danish Weather stations and the data deviates with a small margin from the official Danish temperatures.
    3. The double counted weather stations are: Vestervig, Nordby, Hammer Odde Fyr and a Norwegian weather station Floro.
    4. These double counted stations may not have a significant impact. However, it is a flaw.
    5. CRU does not make any double counting of Danish weather stations and there data equals the official Danish temperatures as reported from DMI.

    BEST writes about the raw data:

    “The Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature Study has created a preliminary merged data set by combining 1.6 billion temperature reports from 16 preexisting data archives….. After eliminating duplicate records, the current archive contains over 39,000 unique stations”

    The BEST double counting problem originates from reading 16 different archives with different metadata and data.

    As I understand, BEST is not writing directly that there is a flaw in respect of double counting. One could read this as a warming flag.

    For more details about the double counting of Danish weather station please look here:

    http://www.climate-debate.com/forum/berkley-earth-temperature-analysis-possible-flaws--d11-e291.php

    and here about BEST:

    http://berkeleyearth.org/about-data-set

  48. 2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    I'm well aware that the USA surface is only a small part of the total surface, but it shows that a significant part of the world population is exposed to cold conditions despite global warming.  On a considerably larger scale, there has not been a substantial increase in the subsurface temperatures of the Pacific Ocean and the North Atlantic to depths of 2000 meters over the past decade. Why is the warming of the global oceans (0-2000 meters) limited to the Indian and South Atlantic Oceans, when carbon dioxide is said to be a well-mixed greenhouse gas, meaning all ocean basins should be warming? The obvious answer is that a regionally limited force must be responsible for acting on the heat content. Let's try ENSO.

    Moderator Response:

    (Rob P) All ocean basins are undergoing long-term warming - see the attached image from Balmaseda (2013) below. That there is an exchange of water masses between ocean basins, and large short-term variation in ocean circulation, may come as a surprise to you, but it shouldn't.

    We will have a lot more on ocean warming and the basics of the wind-driven ocean circulation in the coming months - it's a key component in understanding why so much heat has been going into the ocean of late. There is also a great post by Dana Nuccitelli coming out in a couple of days on the latest research into to this recent unprecedented ocean warming.

  49. 2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    FYI, I have expanded my on my comment @13 on my blog, including additional information and sources, for anybody who wants more data.

  50. 2013 was the second-hottest year on record without an El Niño

    topal @3 reports Spencer's claim, but not its context.  First, Spencer is not reporting official USHCN figures, but his own figures which use a larger Urban Heat Island (UHI) adjustment than do the official figures.  Second, he is only reporting on two winter months.  Indivicual months are always more variable than annual figures, which have some of the variations cancelled out be averaging.  Consequently it is not surprising that a two month period should be unusually cold, even with the background of a warming trend.  It makes such comparisons mere curiosities, having no bearing on the long term change in temperatures.

    Spencer shows a graph of his adjusted ISH figures compared to the official USHCN figures:

    It can be seen clearly that Spencer's adjustment significantly cools later years relative to earlier years.  Indeed, by 2013, it cools it by 0.35 C.  As it turns out, that does not make a large difference in the ranking of 2013, which is the 13th coldest of 41 years in his adjusted figures, wheras it is tied for 15th and 16th coldest in the official USHCN data over that 41 years.  Of course, the USHCN has many more years on record than just 41, and most of them much colder.  Further, the early years of the 41 Spencer shows are obviously colder than the later years.  Indeed, 8 of the first 15 years shown are colder than 2013.  That brings to mind a recent comic by xkcd:

     

    Which brings us to the December/January figures ;)

    In those figures, Spencer shows that Dec/Jan of 2013/2014 have indeed been cold relative to the last 41 years, being the 6th coldest out of 41 years data.  And it was indeed cold, at a chilly -0.55 C average for the CONUS.  Of course, relatively warm relative to the -2.1 C in 78/79.  And the years before that were colder still.  What was commonplace has simply become note-wothy.  XKCD has it right.

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