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All IPCC definitions taken from Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Working Group I Contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Annex I, Glossary, pp. 941-954. Cambridge University Press.

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Comments 32301 to 32350:

  1. Drought and Deforestation in Brazil

    Thanks for covering this important story in such a thoughtful, big-picture way. If only we saw more coverage like this from other, more main stream, media!

  2. CO2 effect is saturated

    I have a question. This debunking depends on the fact that stratospheric temperatures decrease with increasing elevation, so the CO2 gets colder as you gp higher, and radiates less. But I was always told that the stratosphere does not decrease in temperature with increased height. Please explain.

  3. Volcanoes may be responsible for most of the global surface warming slowdown

    Can someone explain in a quick summary why the big swings in projected ranges from FAR to SAR, and then TAR?  Also, I am assuming that the 2 deg on the y-axis is the 2 degree value we always hear discussed as the point we want to avoid exceeding.  Is there a delay effect such that even if we stopped emissions completely today that we might still reach the 2 degree point?

  4. Volcanoes may be responsible for most of the global surface warming slowdown

    MThompson: iirc, aerosols have a cooling effect because they scatter light. 

    Scattering by atmospheric molecules explains some of the blueness of the sky. Scattering is stronger when the wavelength is shorter, and blue light has a shorter wavelength so it's scattered more strongly. Instead of passing through the sky above our heads, more of it is scattered down and we see it.

    Visible light has a shorter wavelength than infrared light, so it is much more strongly scattered by aerosols. This means that they bounce back more light from the Sun than they do from the Earth, so they have a net cooling effect.

    I think this is a reasonable summary of what's going on. There's more detail to it as well: in reality it's related to the size parameter rather than the wavelength alone, aerosols have other effects (like helping to form bigger particles), while black carbon and soot helps to absorb more light so has a warming effect. There is also the 'phase function', which determines the direction of scattering... but all of this is accounted for and the result is that volcanic aerosols cool the surface.

  5. 97 Hours - the Turkish edition

    Climate Change is a global problem that can only be solved by global cooperation

    Thanks for providing a positive example of how this can work

  6. Volcanoes may be responsible for most of the global surface warming slowdown

    Ahh, thanks Rob :)

  7. Volcanoes may be responsible for most of the global surface warming slowdown

    Tristan... Try the second paper that Dana links to.

  8. Volcanoes may be responsible for most of the global surface warming slowdown

    If there is a volcanism related 'slowdown' over the period of 1999-2014 , that requires those years to have been unusually volcanically active compared the previous 30, which included Pinutabo and St Helens.

    Is that demonstrated in the paper? It doesn't give enough detail in the abstract.

  9. Volcanoes may be responsible for most of the global surface warming slowdown

    Maybe someone can help me understand the part about sulfur aerosol particulates blocking sunlight. Are these particulates highly reflective in any of the more abundant solar wavelenths? 

  10. Models are unreliable

    SDK @784, what you are looking for was in fact provided in the draft version of the recent IPCC report:

    In this graph, the range of the projections are given as the range between the mean projections for two different but plausible bau scenarios.  To that is appended the grey zone representing the reasonable range of annual variability due to short term factors such as ENSO.  The graph was ammended in the final report, mostly because of a fake controversy (see here and here)generated by ignoring that fact (which was not sufficiently emphasized by defenders of climate science, myself included).  The graph does have some flaws, including an inappropriate baselining on a single year and the fact that the grey zone, out of graphic necessity, is drawn from the upper or lower limit of all projections.  Therefore caution should be used in presenting that graph, which should not be presented without the disclaimers regarding its flaws, in links to rebutals of the trumped up controversy.

    For these reasons, I prefer my own graph which plots observations against all model runs for AR4:

    Doing so allows the actual model variability to define the expected annual variability, thereby eliminating the false perception of smoothness sometimes generated by showing only ensemble means for projections.  The test for those claiming the models failed to project the current temperatures is to pick out the observations from the projections.  If they cannot do so easilly, then the model projections have correctly captured both the trends (see below) and the range of annual variability.

     

     

  11. Models are unreliable

    Long time reader of SkS, but not a poster. I was explained the basics of AGW and modelling in the 90s by a crazy Swedish mathematician / scientist, and as a data modeler I took it to heart. My main academic field is Philosophy, but you gotta earn a buck as well I guess…

    Question I have though is with regard to the IPCC year-by-year model results. As I understand it, most “skeptics” infer that the farther away observations stray from the ensemble mean, the more wrong you are. As if the ensemble boundaries are error bars of sorts.

    But that’s far from being the case of course. In fact, today the models are actually correct when hugging the lower boundaries, given the downward pressure of volcanic activity, short-term solar cycles and a net negative pseudo-ENSO cycle since 1998.

    Just wondering then if the IPCC should perhaps offer some qualified projection-scenarios? Like, explaining in 2000 that a possible future La Nina-dominated decade would in fact produce a flatter curve? Certainly would help explain things to my right-wing friends… And the larger public as well. I understand that the ensemble mean does not include natural variability, but lots of people don't...

  12. Mercury Rising: 2014 Likely to Surpass 2010 as Warmest Year on Record

    The UAH November satellite data is out.  It shows a 0.33C anomaly from the 1981-2010 period.  If that translates to other temperature records, then November will be one of the warmest on record, and pretty much nail down a calendar record.

  13. One Planet Only Forever at 00:08 AM on 3 December 2014
    The Skeptical Science temperature trend calculator

    Kevin C. ignore my @ 63. This would only matter when looking at short sets of data so it is not relaly relevant.

  14. Mann Fights Back Against Denialist Abuse

    Thanks for all the input, everyone.  In the future I will do exactly that (link to where the discussion is happening).  

    Moderator Response:

    [JH] Thank you.

  15. One Planet Only Forever at 13:15 PM on 2 December 2014
    Mercury Rising: 2014 Likely to Surpass 2010 as Warmest Year on Record

    Tom Curtis @ 19,

    I have also noticed a degree of success by delayers (a term I prefer because the smart ones know they can't sustain the delusions they try to prolong), in making-up their definition of the 'hiatus' reference in the IPCC report. The hiatus was clearly intended to indicate a temporary slowing of the rate of increase, not that it had ended. The word-spin-masters created the easy to accept claim that hiatus meant 'no more warming has occurred and the scientists said so themselves, so the science is wrong and can continue to be ignored'. The main audience of the delayers is people who are not really interested in checking things out for themselves. Many people look for what they prefer to hear and are willing to accept whatever sounds believable and agreeable to them (exactly like sports fans who ignore the bad facts about their favorite team and accept the unsubstantiated criticisms of the teams they do not like). That is a tough group to motivate to better understand what is going on, because that better understanding is likely contrary to their preferences and interests.

  16. One Planet Only Forever at 13:04 PM on 2 December 2014
    Mercury Rising: 2014 Likely to Surpass 2010 as Warmest Year on Record

    RE: My Comment @15,

    My mistake. I forgot to enter 2015 as the end year to get the 2014 data.

  17. One Planet Only Forever at 13:02 PM on 2 December 2014
    The Skeptical Science temperature trend calculator

    Kevin C,

    Ignore @ 62. I had forgotten to input 2015 as the end year to get the latest data.

  18. Mann Fights Back Against Denialist Abuse

    KR @49, please read the comment linked in my post @48.  It is very clear from it that dvaytw is exactly as he presents himself, a person who accepts the science and comes to SkS for help with issues he has not seen before.  Clearly any misunderstandings in the past were exactly that, and it would behove use to pay more attention to our contribution to such misunderstandings rather than direct the blame solely at dvaytw.

    Having said that, I agree with your suggestion of links to off site discussions when advise is being sought.

  19. Mercury Rising: 2014 Likely to Surpass 2010 as Warmest Year on Record

    Yvan Dutil, the trends from 1995.0 to 2007.93 are:

    GISS 0.198+/-0.18 C/Decade

    NOAA 0.17 +/- 0.17 C/Decade

    HadCRUT4 0.198 +/- 0.181 C/Decade

    BEST 0.219 +/- 0.173 C/Decade

    Cowtan & Way Krig 0.237  +/- 0.185 C/Decade

    Cowtan & Way Hybrid 0.238 +/-  0.197 C/Decade

    That is, all surface temperature records show a statistically significant warming from 1995 to the end of 2007.  That clearly shows the purported "pause" in global temperature increase is in fact just a decline in average temperatures over the past six years.  Further, in that six year period a new record for annual global mean surface temperatures was set in 2010, with apparently a new record about to be set.  That shows starkly that the "pause" really just comes down to the effect of two strong La Nina events, one of which included the strongest La Nina configuration in 137 years of record:

    It remains a tribute to the skills of deniers at persuasive definition that many people continue to believe there has actually been a cessation of global warming.

  20. Mann Fights Back Against Denialist Abuse

    dvaytw - As per earlier discussions where exactly the same thing happened (you presented a denial viewpoint asking for refutation, but did not clearly show that it _wasn't_ concern trolling, leading to predictable reactions from the moderators), it would be exceedingly helpful if you would link where these off SkS discussions were occurring.

    Context matters. You are again failing to provide any.

    Moderator Response:

    [JH] I concur.

  21. Mercury Rising: 2014 Likely to Surpass 2010 as Warmest Year on Record

    My take on this is that we are currently held captive culturally in the west to the "sporting" sub set with their minds held captive by "Limited News" and their sports focus. They are the big undecided. They dont "back" losers or nerds.

    I see it as a challege to get in their heads to find a way to communicate the science (the real deal) so we can reduce the political strength of the denier lobby. 

    Others have talked about "the race" for the warmest year and I think a race is what we have. To have the views of science take policial power and still be left with a chance of keeping an advanced culture moving into the future. Alternative has been well shown by "Mad Max". A hot dry angry world in decay. A Jock distopia.

    So I suspect the race analogy is a worthy mind set to reach/bring along parts of the population more interested in the race than the topic.

  22. Mann Fights Back Against Denialist Abuse

    JH, if you want independent confirmation that dvaytw is on the level, you might like his ringing endorsement of SkS at Scientific American.  Also, rather than asking him (or others seeking informed advise) not to apologize, it may be better to ask them to link back to the discussion on which they are seeking advice (if it is online).  That way we can check the context of the claims, directly participate if we think it would be helpful, and coincidentally confirm for ourselve the bona fides of the person asking questions on SkS.

    Moderator Response:

    [JH] Thank you for the reference and your suggestion. 

  23. Mercury Rising: 2014 Likely to Surpass 2010 as Warmest Year on Record

    Actually, if you extend the autocorrelation period to 2014, many dataset are significant even from 1996. With HADCRUT4 hybrid v2, I manage do to it starting in 1999.5!

  24. Mercury Rising: 2014 Likely to Surpass 2010 as Warmest Year on Record

    I have juste checked. It is now updated to october!

    No growth detected at 2 sigma to since 1996 still valid. However, it is detected at two sigmas since 1995 ;)

  25. Mann Fights Back Against Denialist Abuse

    Yes it occurred to me that you might think that, and given my experience with such people, I totally understand why you would!  And thanks again to the responders above... man did I just make one very smug fellow look bad!

  26. It's too hard

    New estimate of electricity generated if every roof and parking lot were covered with solar panels:  100 times consumption in the U.S.

  27. Mann Fights Back Against Denialist Abuse

    Dear JH.  Please accept my apologies.  I waste a lot of my time trying to slap down denier arguments in various forums and comments sections under articles.  In this case everything that came up in Google was mirrored from a denier blog, and noting pertinent was found in your search engine .  Usually I can get an answer here in lightning fast time (as with this case).  Honestly, if I don't do that, I'll probably just have to concede some points because it certainly isn't worth spending a whole heap of time looking such things up.  

    If such lazy inquiries aren't welcome here, can anyone recommend another place where they can be made effectively?  

    Finally, I fully understand if you want to delete my inquiries in this thread, and will try to refrain in the future.  Also, point taken about quoting and linking to the article.  

    Moderator Response:

    [JH] I purposely prodded you to make sure that you were not engaging in an elaborate ruse in order to spread denier poppycock on this site.  I am now staisfied that you are not doing so. Please do continue to seek expert advice on this website. However, please do not apologize every time you do so.

  28. 2nd law of thermodynamics contradicts greenhouse theory

    @CBDunkerson: Great, many thanks for clarifying; I guess that summary was just poorly written - as was my post, on second read-through :) I'm relieved to hear that my understanding of thermal equilibrium was basically correct and that the greenhouse effect works the way I thought (though I'm not sure relieved is the correct word here). Indeed it does sound worrying that the feedback from reduced albedo and increased water vapour levels might be greater than previously thought - let's hope they are proven wrong!

  29. 2014 SkS Weekly Digest #48

    wili, wow. That's a great graphic. If you search on 'Omega block' you should find a few stories from a couple weeks ago about the phenomenon responsible. Example.

  30. 2014 SkS Weekly Digest #48

    It looks like the polar vortex has basically split in two. I believe that is rather...uncommon. Are there any news stories about it?

    http://earth.nullschool.net/#current/wind/isobaric/70hPa/orthographic=-15.56,74.65,282

  31. Mann Fights Back Against Denialist Abuse

    dvaytw. as Tom has pointed out, the entire 'Tim Ball victory' story was a bizarre bit of fiction. I can't believe deniers are still managing to live in that alternate reality months after the fact.

    Information about the data for the 'hockey stick' can be found here;

    LINK

    Of course, the fact that the National Academy of Sciences and numerous individuals (including 'sceptics' like McIntyre) have reviewed this data makes the continued claims that it isn't available right up there with Tim Ball's amazing non-existent court victory in the category of 'evidence that these people are mentally ill'.

    Moderator Response:

    [RH] Sorry, your link was breaking the page format by just a smidgen.

  32. Mann Fights Back Against Denialist Abuse

    Tom, as nutty as a lot of denialist blogs are, I'm finding this hard to believe.  You mean that website is totally fabricating the claim that Mann's lawsuit has been dismissed?!?  (or Ball is, and they are parroting his claim)

    That is nuts.  Everyone and anyone will be able to check and refute this.  Does anyone know more about this?  I haven't been able to find a single reputable news source saying anything about it - but of course lots of denialist blogs posted it.

    Moderator Response:

    [JH] "Reliable news sources" do not typically pay attention to what is being posted on the websites of known crackpots.

  33. 2nd law of thermodynamics contradicts greenhouse theory

    Lomax, when the first quotation says, "...within about a decade the effect of adding the thicker blanket has been cancelled by the warmer body emitting more energy", the 'effect' in question is the amount of outgoing long wave radiation. The planet (i.e. "the warmer body") is still hotter... it is just that the increased heat eventually leads to the radiation flows in and out equalizing. The planet isn't going to "return to its earlier temperature" as you say... just to it's earlier OLR rate, which is happening precisely because the temperature has increased.

    "This just doesn't make any sense to me; if CO2 is able to "trap" long-wave radiation, surely if you keep increasing the CO2 level, the "trapping" ability will also continue to increase?"

    Yes, but as you 'trap' more long wave radiation within the climate system that causes/is heat buildup... which causes/is even more long wave radiation emission, until eventually the extra amount being emitted equals the extra amount being trapped and the total output returns to its original level.

    Think of it as a lake with one stream flowing in and three streams flowing out. If you block off one of the outflow streams (i.e. add CO2 to reduce OLR) then the amount coming in from the inflow stream (i.e. radiation from the Sun) now exceeds the amount going out and the water level rises (i.e. the Earth gets hotter). However, as the water level rises that causes it to flow out the two remaining outflow streams faster (i.e. the amount of longwave radiation increases) and eventually the lake water level stops rising when the inflow and outflow rates are again in balance (i.e. the temperature stops increasing when incoming and outgoing radiation again match).

    For the record, none of that is actually the 'result' found by this study... that's all basic global warming. What this study is arguing that is 'new' is that the warming effect of increasing CO2 will very quickly be overwhelmed by the feedback warming effect of a darkening planetary surface (e.g. from melting snow and ice). I'm not sure I buy that, for one thing it's a model result which doesn't seem to jibe with paleoclimate studies, but if anything it actually suggests that warming will be much greater than expected.

  34. Mann Fights Back Against Denialist Abuse

    dvaytw @42, those allegations were made on Feb 21 of this year.  On Feb 22, Michael Mann responded by posting a letter from his lawyer on face book:

    "Response from my lawyer in response to latest claims by ‪#‎TimBall‬ (more info on him here: http://www.desmogblog.com/timothy-f-ball-tim-ball) & ‪#‎JohnOSullivan‬ (more inf on him here: http://www.desmogblog.com/affidavits-michael-mann-libel-sui… ):
    The review of Tim Ball’s new book by Hans Schreuder and John O’Sullivan makes preposterous statements concerning Dr. Michael Mann’s lawsuit in the British Columbia Supreme Court against Tim Ball and other defendants. The Mann lawsuit is currently in the discovery phase, with further examinations for discovery (depositions) of the defendants to be scheduled shortly, following which I will either set the action for trial by jury in the usual manner, or bring a summary trial application on behalf of Dr. Mann for damages and injunctive relief.
    Dr. Ball has not set the matter for trial and there is no motion by Ball currently before the Court. The allegation by Schreuder and O’Sullivan that Dr. Mann has refused to show his metadata and calculations in open court is not true.
    Their assertion that Dr. Mann faces possible bankruptcy is nonsense. Dr. Mann’s lawsuit against Dr. Ball and other defendants is proceeding through the normal stages prescribed by the BC Supreme Court Civil Rules and Dr. Mann looks forward to judicial vindication at the conclusion of this process.
    February 22, 2014
    Roger D. McConchie
    Barrister and Solicitor
    Legal Counsel to Dr. Michael Mann"

  35. Our short film on the One-Two Punch of Climate Change

    I was up at Heron Island earlier this year diving but was not able to see the experiments. The results so far I did get to here about were very clear from the tour I went on of the experimental station.

    It's a very good to see the video with so much in so little time. Well done! The pictures tell the story. BAU holds no good news for the GBR.

    With the Keeling Curve showing an accelleration of CO2 emissions and the portion of CO2 staying in the air staying about constant, ocean acidification is a fact of simple physical chemistry. To see what that does to the reef is clear enough.

    The need to change course now with all the resources we can muster and to say so in three minutes is impressive.

  36. Mann Fights Back Against Denialist Abuse

    PS The reason my question is relevant to this thread is that deniers are using the recent win of Tim Ball against Mann in Canadian court as evidence that he won't provide his data:

    The fact Mann refused to disclose his ‘hockey stick’ graph metadata in the British Columbia Supreme Court, as he is required to do under Canadian civil rules of procedure, constituted a fatal omission to comply, rendering his lawsuit unwinnable. As such, Dr Ball, by default, has substantiated his now famous assertion that Mann belongs "in the state pen, not Penn. State." In short, Mann failed to show he did not fake his tree ring proxy data for the past 1,000 years, so Ball’s assessment stands as fair comment. Moreover, many hundreds of papers in the field of paleoclimate temperature reconstructions that cite Mann’s work are likewise tainted, heaping more misery on the discredited UN’s Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) which has a knack of relying on such sub prime science.

    MICHAEL MANN FACES BANKRUPTCY AS HIS COURTROOM CLIMATE CAPERS COLLAPSE

    Moderator Response:

    [JH] Please refrain from posting quotes from climate denier websites — especially statements that are patently false. 

  37. 2014 SkS Weekly Digest #48

    jimlj@1,

    I've read a bit about Flat Earth Society and their arguments supporting "the alternative thinking" in hope of finding some novel idea they could be proud of. Sadly I found nothing but logical mistakes and non-sequitur reasoning in general.

    So I disagree, the comparison of climarte science deniers logic to FES logic is quite accurate with respect of number and gravity of their logical falacies.

    But interestingly, many climate science models are well compatible with FES model. The layered 1D greenhouse gas absorption model is a chief example. Even the most orthodox flat earther can easily accept it while we know that many climate ecience deniers reject it. In fact, given the precision of input data (e.g. the volume of glacial melt), we simply calcutate the SLR by dividing said volume by the area of the oceans, just like flat earthers. Because the sperical shape of the Earth (or even the water spilling into some low lying parts of continents) does not matter for the resulting numbers.

    So for the practical purposes we can say, that climate deniers are even bigger science deniers than flat earthers.

  38. Mann Fights Back Against Denialist Abuse

    I'm sorry to be lazy again, but I'm looking for the quickest possible response to the denier claim that Michael Mann "has refused consistently and insistently to supply the basic data used behind these constructions".

    I tried phrasing my querry various ways in the search engine, but didn't come up with anything useful.  

    Moderator Response:

    [JH] Perhaps you need to devote more time to doing your own research. Your stream of  apologies for being lazy is beginning to wear thin.

  39. 2014 SkS Weekly Digest #48

    RealClimate is covering a recent article on El Nino:

    A clearer picture how climate change affects El Niño?

  40. The latest global warming bill and the Republican conundrum

    I would not say this bill qualifies under the definition of revenue neutral.  It would be hard enough to get a bill passed that just says: "All revenue shall be paid out in reduced earned income and Soc. Security tax."  Instead this bill  has all sorts of other provisions: Page 24 of the pdf at  http://www.whitehouse.senate.gov/download/?id=5a0a5234-a651-4e50-a4b5-2b15a7e57d3a&download=1  says the funds can be paid out in various ways.  Only (b) and (i) are clearly revenue neutral.  (a), (d), (e), (g), and (h) are clearly payouts to special interests and are by definition not revenue neutral.

    ‘‘(A) Providing economic assistance to low income households or households in regions 5 with disproportionately high energy costs.

    ‘‘(B) Transfers to the general fund of the Treasury to offset tax cuts.

    ‘‘(C) Transfers to the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund established under section 201 of the Social Security Act  to provide supplemental funding for increases in Social Security benefits.

    ‘‘(D) Providing tuition assistance for higher education or alleviating federal student loan debt.

    ‘‘(E) Investing in improvements to the infrastructure of the United States.

    ‘‘(F) Providing dividends directly to individuals and families.

    ‘‘(G) Providing transition assistance to workers and businesses in energy intensive and fossil fuel industries.

    ‘‘(H) Investing in mitigation and adaptation measures that promote national security, protect public health, conserve natural resources, or fulfill international climate commitments made by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.

    ‘‘(I) Reducing the debt of the United  States.

  41. It's the sun

    Zhao and Feng have now published their paper in Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics: Correlation between solar activity and the local temperature of Antarctica during the past 11,000 years

    Would be great to get som updated comments since this is making the denier blog round

  42. 2014 SkS Weekly Digest #48

    The cartoon is actually an insult to the flat earth society, which does accept AGW. flat earth society accepts global warming

  43. Animals and plants can adapt

    tkman0

    The latest IPCC report has this graph about species movement rates vs warming rates

  44. Animals and plants can adapt

    Thanks for the replies everyone, also just wanted to point out that some of the links on here dont link to articles, but insteasd link simply to a general climate change page at the univeristy of texas.

  45. One Planet Only Forever at 04:37 AM on 1 December 2014
    Mercury Rising: 2014 Likely to Surpass 2010 as Warmest Year on Record

    Yvan Dutil,

    The SkS Temperature Trend Calculator page does not have the 2014 data being added monthly. The Calculator was created in 2012 and has the 2013 data in it, so it appears that it is planned to be updated after the full 2014 sets of data are available.

  46. One Planet Only Forever at 04:35 AM on 1 December 2014
    The Skeptical Science temperature trend calculator

    Kevin C,

    Is there any way to change the scale values on the x-axis to be more representative of the 12 months of data points in a year, like 13.25, 13.50, 13.75?

  47. One Planet Only Forever at 04:33 AM on 1 December 2014
    The Skeptical Science temperature trend calculator

    Kevin C,

    Perhaps a note could be added up front mentioning when the Calculator data will be updated. It appear that the plan is to update the Calculator when the full sets of data are available for a calendar year. A question was recently asked on the "Mercury Rising:2014 ..." OP.

  48. Mercury Rising: 2014 Likely to Surpass 2010 as Warmest Year on Record

    Speaking of temperature. Is the SS trend applet has been updated recentely?

  49. One Planet Only Forever at 02:48 AM on 1 December 2014
    Mercury Rising: 2014 Likely to Surpass 2010 as Warmest Year on Record

    A related point is the extent of Arctic and Anatarctic sea ice.

    The NSIDC sea ice extent tracking here shows that, although the Antarctic maximum sea ice in 2014 was a record level of extent significantly larger than any previous year on September 22, it dropped rapidly. By early October the 2014 Antarctic extents had dropped to match the 2013 extents after being 0.5 million square km larger than the previous recoird year 2013. And since the end of October the 2014 extents have been consistently lower than 2013, into the range of standard deviation for Antarctic sea ice extent.

  50. One Planet Only Forever at 02:36 AM on 1 December 2014
    Mercury Rising: 2014 Likely to Surpass 2010 as Warmest Year on Record

    MA Rodger,

    Thank you. I was aware of the way to see the full listing of the monthly anomalies on the NOAA site, however, what Jose_X and I were trying to show was the value of the average of 12-months ending on each month.

    The NOAA site allows the average of a wide variety of time periods, from the standard 1-month up to 60-months, to be obtained for any chosen end-month for the set of chosen years, but only for the same end-month in each year.

    The NOAA site appears to be set up to allow quick comparisons of a 'calendar month' to the same month in previous years. That quickly allows the evaluation and reporting of how warm a month is compared to the same month in previous years. That is probably more accurate than just comparing all of the months since each month of the calendar year may have a different normal global average value. However, the average of any multiple of 12-months makes the uniqueness of a month no longer relevant since each average contains all months and the same number of each month.

    The NOAA site is not set up to quickly evaluate the averages of multiples of 12-months. You have to review the results for each of the 12 month choices. My earlier point was about the lack of need to discuss how warm a 'year is so far'. A more relevant evaluation is 'how warm the past 12-month period has been, which is still a year, just not the more recognized calendar year'.

    A similar approach would apply to 'decade averages'. A new decade average can be created from each new month added to the data set. There is no need to wait for the end of a decade to evaluate how decade averages are changing.

    Of course, with the rather random significant variations about the norm that occur in the global average surface temperature the better average to track to minimized the aberrant fluctuations would be 30-years or longer.

    The NOAA monthly anomalies can be copied to a spreadsheet to evaluate these longer averages. However, it would be helpful if the NOAA site was set up to allow these types of evaluations to be presented.

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